a life with birds

a life with birds篇一：第一篇 A Life with Birds

第一篇 A Life with Birds

For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's yeoman warders, __1__ known to tourists as beefeaters. David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the __2__ of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. "__3__ our bedroom we have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David. The Tower of London is famous __4__ its ravens, the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was __5__ the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no __6__ in accepting it. "The birds have now become my life and I'm always __7__ of the fact that I am __8__ a tradition. The legend says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to __9__ sure this doesn't happen!"

David_10_about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. He has grown to love them and the _11__ that he lives right next to them is ideal. "I can _12__ a close eye on them all the time, and not just when I'm working." __13__, David's wife Mo was not __14__ on the idea of life in the Tower, but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. "When we look out of our windows, we see history __15__ around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories."

词汇：

marvellous /'mɑ:viləs/a.奇妙的，不可思议的 fascinate / 'fæsmeIt / v. 着迷，吸引

raven /'reivən/ n. 乌鸦，黑色的鸟 legend / 'led3;lnd / n. 传奇，传说

注释：

1. ...from our bedroom we have a marvellous view of ... :从我们的卧室看去，有一个奇妙的角度。。。

2. ... keen on the idea of life in the Tower..: 热衷于塔里的生活

练习：

1. A. more B. better C. sooner D. very

2. A. height B. summit C. peak D. top

3. A. Since B. Out C. From D. Through

4. A. for B. because C. of D. by

5. A. award B. applied C. presented D. offered

6. A. regret B. delay C. hesitation D. choice

7. A. aware B. knowing C. pleased D. delighted

8. A. holding B. maintaining C. surviving D. lasting

9. A. take B. make C. have D. keep

10. A. devotes B. spends C. passes D. provides

11. A. reason B. chance C. opportunity D. fact

12. A. hold B. have C. keep D. put

13. A. Firstly B. First of all C. At first D. First

14. A. interested B. keen C. fond D. happy

15. A. every B. all C. much D. so

答案与题解：

1. B 根据上下文，这里应选择比较级，所以排除D，再根据句意，为“更为人所熟知”，因而better是正确答案。

2. D 根据句意，词组搭配 at the top of ，表示在……顶部最为合适。Height 意为“高度“，summit 意为“最高点”，peak 意为“顶峰“，所以选 D。

3. C 根据句意，从卧室的角度看去，from 最为恰当。

4. A 固定搭配 be famous for 意为“以……而著名”，文中要表达的是伦敦塔以乌鸦而著名，因而 for 为正确答案。

5. D 根据句意，David 是被提供了这样一个职位，所以 offered 最为恰当award 表示“授予”，applied 表示“应用” ，presented 表示“给予，呈现“，均不符合句意。

6. C 根据上下文，很容易理解 David 是这么迷恋这种黑鸟，因而毫不犹豫地接受了这个职位，所以 hesitation 为正确答案。

7. A be aware of 表示“意识到”，有这样一命警觉。其他三项均不符合句意。

8. B 固定搭配 maintain a tradition ，保持一个传统，maintain 最为恰当。hold 表示“抓住”，survive 表示“存活，幸存”，last 表示“维持”。

9. B 固定搭配 make sure，意为“确保”，在文中表达的是“确保这种状况不会发生“，因而选 B。

10. A 根据句意，David 每天大约用四个小时来护理乌鸦，表达出对乌鸦的爱护之情，devote “献身于……，专用于……”最为恰当。spend 后需加动词 ing 形式。pass 表示“经过”， provide 表示“提供”，均不符合句意。

11. D 这是一个定语从句，根据句意，David 已经爱上了它们，而他正居住在它们旁边(这样一个事实)是理想的，所以 fact 是正确答案。

12. C keep an eye on 为固定搭配，意为“注意，关注”，所以选 C。

13. C 根据句意，作者要表达的意思是起初，David 的妻子 Mo 并不感兴趣，因为只有词组 at first 表示“起初，开始时”符合句意。

14. B be keen on 为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣，对……热衷”，interest 后面配介词 in ，fond后应配介词 of ，因此正确答案是 B。

15. B 根据句意，作者表达的感情非常强烈，过去的那些都环绕在身边，所以 all 为最佳答案。

a life with birds篇二：A Life with Birds

a life with birds篇三：2013职称英语A Life with Birds

A Life with Birds

For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's Yeoman the gatehouses. our bedroom we have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David.

The Tower of London is famous its ravens, the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was (5) have now become my life and I'm always (7) of the fact that I am (8) a tradition. The legend says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's

David about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. He has grown to that he lives right next to them is ideal. a close , David's wife Mo was not

(14) on the idea of life in the Tower, but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. "When we look out of our windows, we see around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories."

marvellous /'mɑ:viləs/a.奇妙的，不可思议的 fascinate / 'fæsmeIt / v. 着迷，吸引 raven /'reivən/ n. 乌鸦，黑色的鸟 legend / 'led3;lnd / n. 传奇，传说

1. ...from our bedroom we have a marvellous view of ... :从我们的卧室看去，有一个奇妙的角度。。。

2. ... keen on the idea of life in the Tower..: 热衷于塔里的生活

flat[flæt] 美[flæt] n. 平地；平面；公寓

hesitation [hezɪ'teɪʃn] 美[,hɛzə'teʃən] n. 犹豫

delighted英[dɪ'laɪtɪd] 美[dɪ'laɪtɪd] adj. 高兴的；欣喜的

v. 使…兴高采烈；感到快乐（delight的过去分词）

Gate house传达室 maintain a tradition ，保持一个传统

at the top of ，表示在……顶部最为合适 be famous for 意为“以……而著名”， be aware of 表示“意识到”， keep an eye on 为固定搭配，意为“注意，关注”， make sure，意为“确保” be keen on 为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣，对……热衷”，

1. A. more B. better C. sooner D. very

2. A. height B. summit C. peak D. top

3. A. Since B. Out C. From D. Through

4. A. for B. because C. of D. by

5. A. award B. applied C. presented D. offered

6. A. regret B. delay C. hesitation D. choice

7. A. aware B. knowing C. pleased D. delighted

8. A. holding B. maintaining C. surviving D. lasting

9. A. take B. make C. have D. keep

10. A. devotes B. spends C. passes D. provides

11. A. reason B. chance C. opportunity D. fact

12. A. hold B. have C. keep D. put

13. A. Firstly B. First of all C. At first D. First

14. A. interested B. keen C. fond D. happy

15. A. every B. all C. much D. so

答案与题解：

1. B 根据上下文，这里应选择比较级，所以排除D，再根据句意，为“更为人所熟知”，因而better是正确答案。

2. D 根据句意，词组搭配 at the top of ，表示在……顶部最为合适。Height 意为“高度“，summit 意为“最高点”，peak 意为“顶峰“，所以选 D。

3. C 根据句意，从卧室的角度看去，from 最为恰当。

4. A 固定搭配 be famous for 意为“以……而著名”，文中要表达的是伦敦塔以乌鸦而著名，因而 for 为正确答案。

5. D 根据句意，David 是被提供了这样一个职位，所以 offered 最为恰当award 表示“授予”，applied 表示“应用” ，presented 表示“给予，呈现“，均不符合句意。

6. C 根据上下文，很容易理解 David 是这么迷恋这种黑鸟，因而毫不犹豫地接受了这个职位，所以 hesitation 为正确答案。

7. A be aware of 表示“意识到”，有这样一命警觉。其他三项均不符合句意。

8. B 固定搭配 maintain a tradition ，保持一个传统，maintain 最为恰当。hold 表示“抓住”，survive 表示“存活，幸存”，last 表示“维持”。

9. B 固定搭配 make sure，意为“确保”，在文中表达的是“确保这种状况不会发生“，因而选 B。

10. A 根据句意，David 每天大约用四个小时来护理乌鸦，表达出对乌鸦的爱护之情，devote “献身于……，专用于……”最为恰当。spend 后需加动词 ing 形式。pass 表示“经过”， provide 表示“提供”，均不符合句意。

11. D 这是一个定语从句，根据句意，David 已经爱上了它们，而他正居住在它们旁边(这样一个事实)是理想的，所以 fact 是正确答案。

12. C 所以选 C。

13. C 根据句意，作者要表达的意思是起初，David 的妻子 Mo 并不感兴趣，因为只有词组 at first 表示“起初，开始时”符合句意。

14. B be keen on 为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣，对……热衷”，interest 后面配介词 in ，fond后应配介词 of ，因此正确答案是 B。

15. B 根据句意，作者表达的感情非常强烈，过去的那些都环绕在身边，所以 all 为最佳答案。

a life with birds篇四：职称英语综合类完形填空第一篇A Life with Birds逐句翻译

A Life with Birds 有鸟陪伴的生活

For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the

Tower of London's Yeoman warders,(1) better known to tourists as Beefeaters.作为伦敦塔的守卫者之- David Cope在那里工作了近17年，被游客们称为伦敦塔卫兵。 David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the(2) top of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. David，64岁，生活在Byward塔顶部的一个三居室的单元里，一个警卫室。 "(3) From our bedroom we have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David. David说：“从我们的卧室看去，我们可以看到伦敦塔桥和泰晤士河的一个美好景色。”

The Tower of London is famous (4) for its ravens, the

large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries.伦敦塔以大黑色的鸟——乌鸦而著名，它们已经在那里生活了三个多世纪。David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was (5) offered the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no (6) hesitation in accepting it. "David立刻被这种乌迷住了，当他在八年前被提供乌鸦主人的职位时他毫不犹豫地接受了它。“The birds have now become my life and I'm always (7)aware of the fact that I am (8) maintaining a tradition. 这种鸟类现在已经成为我的生命，我总是警觉到我

在保持一个传统。The legend says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to (9) make sure this doesn't happen!" 传说中说，如果乌鸦离开伦敦塔，英国将落到敌人手中，我的工作就是确保这种情况不会发生！”

David (10) devotes about four hours a day to the care

of the ravens.David每天大约用四个小时的时间来护理乌鸦。 He has grown to love them and the (11) fact that he lives right next to them is ideal. 他已经爱上了它们，而他紧挨在它们的旁边生活是最佳选择。"I can (12) keep a close eye on them all the time, and not just when I'm working." “我可以在所有的时间内密切关注它们，不仅仅是在工作的时候。”

(13)At first , David's wife Mo was not (14) keen on the idea of life in the Tower, but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. "起初，David的妻子Mo对生活在塔里的想法并不热衷，但David明年即将退休，她要离开时也会很伤心。When we look out of our windows, we see history (15) all around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories." “当我们透过我们的窗口向外看，我们看到历史环绕在我们身边，我们正接受它并为我们未来的记忆存储它。”

marvellous /a.奇妙的，不可思议的

fascinate / v. 着迷，吸引

raven /n. 乌鸦，黑色的鸟

legend / n. 传奇，传说

1. ...from our bedroom we have a marvellous view of ... :

从我们的卧室看去，有一个奇妙的角度。。。

2. ... keen on the idea of life in the Tower..: 热衷于塔里

的生活

flat n. 平地；平面；公寓

hesitation n. 犹豫

delighted adj. 高兴的；欣喜的 v. 使„兴高采烈；感

到快乐（delight的过去分词）

Gate house传达室

maintain a tradition ，保持一个传统

at the top of ，表示在„„顶部最为合适

be famous for 意为“以„„而著名”，

be aware of 表示“意识到”，

keep an eye on 为固定搭配，意为“注意，关注”，

make sure，意为“确保”

be keen on 为固定搭配，表示“对„„感兴趣，对„„

热衷”，

1. A. more B. better C. sooner

D. very

2. A. height B. summit C. peak

D. top

3. A. Since B. Out C. From

D. Through

4. A. for B. because C. of

D. by

5. A. award

D. offered

6. A. regret

D. choice

7. A. aware

D. delighted

8. A. holding

lasting

9. A. take

D. keep

10. A. devotes

D. provides

11. A. reason

D. fact

12. A. hold

D. put B. applied C. presented B. delay C. hesitation B. knowing C. pleased C. surviving D. B. make C. have B. spends C. passes B. chance C. opportunity B. have C. keep B. maintaining

13. A. Firstly B. First of all C. At first

D. First

14. A. interested B. keen C. fond

D. happy

15. A. every B. all C. much

D. so

答案与题解：

1. B 根据上下文，这里应选择比较级，所以排除D，再根据句意，为“更为人所熟知”，因而better是正确答案。

2. D 根据句意，词组搭配 at the top of ，表示在„„顶部最为合适。Height 意为“高度“，summit 意为“最高点”，peak 意为“顶峰“，所以选 D。

3. C 根据句意，从卧室的角度看去，from 最为恰当。

4. A 固定搭配 be famous for 意为“以„„而著名”，文中要表达的是伦敦塔以乌鸦而著名，因而 for 为正确答案。

5. D 根据句意，David 是被提供了这样一个职位，所以 offered 最为恰当award 表示“授予”，applied 表示“应用” ，presented 表示“给予，呈现“，均不符合句意。

6. C 根据上下文，很容易理解 David 是这么迷恋这种黑鸟，因而毫不犹豫地接受了这个职位，所以 hesitation 为正确答案。

7. A be aware of 表示“意识到”，有这样一命警觉。

a life with birds篇五：1 第一篇 A Life with Birds 有鸟陪伴的生活

1 第一篇 A Life with Birds 有鸟陪伴的生活 For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's yeoman warders, _ （） known to tourists as beefeaters. David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the （） of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. " （） our bedroom we have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David. The Tower of London is famous （） its ravens, the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was _ （）_ the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no _ （）_ in accepting it. "The birds have now become my life and I'm always _（） of the fact that I am _ （） a tradition. The legend says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to _ （） sure this doesn't happen!" David （） about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. He has grown to love them and the _（） that he lives right next to them is ideal. "I can （） a close eye on them all the time, and not just when I'm working." At（）, David's wife Mo was not （） on the idea of life in the Tower, but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. "When we look out of our windows, we see history （） around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories." better（更…top（顶部）From（从）for（以..而著名）offered(提供)hesitation（犹豫）aware（意识到）maintaining （保持）make（确保）devotes（献身于） fact（事实）keep（关注）first（起初）_keen（对..感兴趣） all（所有） 第二篇 A Lucky Break 幸运的骨折 Actor Antonio Banderas is used to breaking bones, and it always seems to happen when he's ( ) sport. In the film Play It to the Bone he ( ) the part of a middleweight boxer alongside Woody Harrelson. ( )the making of the film Harrelson ( ) complaining that the fight ( ) weren't very convincing, so one day he suggested that he and Banderas should have a fight for real. The Spanish actor wasn't ( )on the idea at first, but he was ( ) persuaded by his co-star to put on his gloves and climb into the boxing ring. However, when he realized how seriously his ( ) was taking it all, he began to regret his decision to fight. And then in the third round, Harrelson hit Banderas ( ) hard in the face that he actually broke his nose. His wife, actress Melanie Griffith, was furious that he had been playing "silly macho games". "She was right," confesses Banderas, "and I was a fool to ( ) a risk like that in the middle of a movie." 演员Antonio He was ( ) of the time he broke his leg during a football match in his native Malaga. He had always ( ) of becoming a soccer star, of performing in front of a big crowd, but doctors told him his playing days were probably over. "That's when I decided to

take ( )acting; I saw it as ( )way of performing, and achieving recognition. What happened to me on that football ( ) was, you might say, my first lucky break." doing(做) plays（扮演一个…）pitch（场）kept（连续）scenes（场面keen（对…热衷eventually（最终）opponent（对手）so（太…以至于..）take（冒险a movie." 演员reminded（提醒）dreamed（梦想up（开始another（另外During（过程中。 第三篇 Global Warming 全球变暖 Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate. Many scientists (） the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase ( ) the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than ( ) before, the Earth is at( ) from the forces of the wind, rain and sun. ( ) to them, global warming is making extreme weather events, ( ) as hurricanes and droughts, even more ( )and causing sea levels all around the world to ( ). Environmental groups are putting ( ) on governments to take action to reduce the ( ) of carbon dioxide which is () by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source. They are in ( )of more money being spent on research into solar, wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power ( ) . Some scientists, ( ) believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would have to wait ( ) hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is here to stay. put（把…归咎于）in（在）ever(任何时候)risk(危险)According(据说)such(例如)severe(严重) rise(上升pressure(压力) amount(数量) given off(排放)favour(赞成)several(几) however(然而)stations(装置)第四A Success Story 一个成功的故事 At 19, Ben Way is already a millionaire, and one of a growing number of teenagers who have ( ) their fortune through the Internet. ( ) makes Ben's story all the more remarkable is that he is dyslexic, and was ( ) by teachers at his junior school that he would never be able to read or write ( ) . "I wanted to prove them ( ) ", says Ben, creator and director of Waysearch, a net search engine which can be used to find goods in online shopping malls. When he was eight, his local authorities ( ) him with a PC to help with school work. Although he was ( ) to read the manuals, he had a natural ability with the computer, and ( ) by his father, he soon began ( ) people $l0 an hour for his knowledge and skills. At the age of 15 he ( ) up his own computer consultancy, Quad Computer, which he ran from his bedroom, and two years later he left school to ( ) all his time to business. "By this time the company had grown and I needed to take on a ( ) of employees to help me", says Ben. "That enabled me to start ( )business with bigger companies.”

It was. his ability to consistently ( ) difficult challenges that led him to win the Young Entrepreneur of the Year award in the same year that he formed Waysearch, and he has recently signed a deal ( ) $25 million with a private investment company, which will finance his search engine. made(制造)What(这) told(告知)properly(正确地) wrong(错了) provided(提供)unable(不能) encouraged(鼓励) charging(收费) set(创建) devote(精力)couple(一些) doing(做)overcome(克服)worth(价值)第五篇 Traffic in Our Cities我们的城市交通 The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risk ( ) accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to ( ) people to change their habits and leave their cars at home. One possible ( ) is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by ( )charges for parking and ( ) in tougher fines for anyone who ( ) the law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, ( ) as "road pricing", is already being introduced in a （ ）of cities, using a special electronic card （） to the windscreen of the car. Another way of （） with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the （） of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre. Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus service for the （） stage of their journey. Of course, the most important （） is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to （） the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares （）at an acceptable level. of（..的风险）persuade(说服)approach(方法)increasing(增加)bringing(收益) breaks(打破)known(为所熟知)number(一些)fixed(固定在..上)dealing(处理)outskirts(效区)final(最后的) thing(..的事) give up(放弃) kept(保持)第六篇Teaching and learning 教与学 Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the （）_in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The （）_ student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of （）_, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned （） brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is （） for learning the material assigned. When research is （）_ , the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with （） guidance. It is the student's re

sponsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain （） a university library works; they expect students （） graduate students to exhaust the reference _（）_ in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but （） that their students should not be （） dependent on them. In the United Stats professors have many other duties （） teaching， such as administrative or research work. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is （） If a student has problems with classroom work , the student should either _（） a professor during office hours or make an appointment. information（信息）_idea （理想）learning（学习with（带…回来responsible（对…负责）assigned （选定）minimum(最少的) how(如何)particularly (尤其) sources(资源)prefer(更喜欢) too(太) besides(除…之外)limited(有限的)approach(接近)*第七篇 The Difference between Man and Computer 人与电脑的区别 What makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element that our theories don’t yet （）__ for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about（）__ they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand， don't. In fact，computers don't （） have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computer （）_ is to be a model of story understanding ，it should also read for a "purpose". Of course ，people have several goals that do not make （） to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide （） order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to （） a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches. However ，these physiological and social goals give （） to several intellectual or cognitive goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to find （） about the name of a restaurant which （） the desired type of food ，how expensive the restaurant is，the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to _ （）） information or knowledge, what we are calling （）_ goals. These goals can be held by computers too; a computer （）_ "want" to find out the location of a restaurant ，and read a guide in order to do so （） the same way as a person might. While such a goal would not （） out of hunger in the case of the computer，it might well arise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants. account(解译)_what(那些) even (甚至) program（程序）sense（合理）in （为了）find （寻找）rise （导致information（信息） serves（供应）

acquire（获取learning（学习）might（可能）in（以…方式）arise（起*第八篇 Look on The Bright Side看光明的一面 Do you ever wish you were more optimistic, someone who always （） to be successful? Having someone around who always fears（恐惧） the worst isn’t really a lot of （） We all know someone who sees a single cloud on a sunny day and says ，"INooks （）） rain. " But if you catch yourself thinking such things，it's important to do something （） it. 4 You can change your view of life ，（） to psychologists. It only takes a little effort ，and you'll find life more rewarding as a （）. Optimism，they say，is partly about self-respect and confidence but it's also a more positive way of looking at life and all it has to （）. Optimists are more （） to start new projects and are generally more prepared to take risks. Upbringing is obviously very important in forming your （） to the world. Some people are brought up to （） too much on others and grow up forever blaming other people when anything （） wrong. Most optimists，on the _（） hand, have been brought up not to （） failure as the end of the world—they just （） with their lives. expected（期望）fears（恐惧）fun（乐趣）.like（像）about（对此）according（根据）result（结果）.offer（提供）likely（很有可能）attitude（态度）depend（依赖于）goes（发生）_other（另一方面）regard（把..看作）get on（继续）*第九篇 The First Bicycle第一辆自行车 The history of the bicycle goes back more than 200 years. In 1791，Count de Sivrac （）） onlookers in a park in Paris as he showed off his two-wheeled invention ，a machine called the celeriferé. It was basically an （） version of a children’s toy which had been in （） for many years. Sivrac's "celeriferé had a wooden frame，made in the （） of a horse ，which was mounted on a wheel at either end．To ride it ，you sat on a small seat ，just like a modem bicycle ，and pushed （） against the （） with your legs—there were no pedals. It was impossible to steer a celeriferé and it had no brakes，but despite these problems the invention very much （） to the fashionable young men of Paris. Soon they were （）） races up and down the streets. Minor （） were common as riders attempted a final burst of （）. Controlling the machine was difficult ，as the only way to change （） was to pull up the front of the "celeriferé" and （） it round while the front wheel was （） in the air. "Celeriferés" were not popular for long however ，as the （） of no springs ，no steering and rough roads made riding them very uncomfortable. Even so，the wooden celeriferé was the （） of the mod

a life with birds篇六：第一篇 A Life with Birds

第一篇 A Life with Birds 11. A. reason B. chance C. opportunity D. For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the fact Tower of London's yeoman warders, __1__ known to 12. A. hold B. have C. keep D. tourists as beefeaters. David, 64, lives in a put three-bedroomed flat right at the __2__ of the Byward 13. A. Firstly B. First of all C. At first D. Tower, one of the gatehouses. "__3__ our bedroom we First have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " 14. A. interested B. keen C. fond D. says David. happy The Tower of London is famous __4__ its ravens, the large 15. A. every B. all C. much D. black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. so David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was __5__ the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had 答案与题解： no __6__ in accepting it. "The birds have now become my 1. B 根据上下文，这里应选择比较级，所以排除D，再根life and I'm always __7__ of the fact that I am __8__ a 据句意，为“更为人所熟知”，因而better是正确答案。 tradition. The legend says that if the ravens leave the Tower, 2. D 根据句意，词组搭配 at the top of ，表示在……顶England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to __9__ sure 部最为合适。Height 意为“高度“，summit 意为“最高点”，peak this doesn't happen!" 意为“顶峰“，所以选 D。 David_10_about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. 3. C 根据句意，从卧室的角度看去，from 最为恰当。 He has grown to love them and the _11__ that he lives right 4. A 固定搭配 be famous for 意为“以……而著名”，文next to them is ideal. "I can _12__ a close eye on them all 中要表达的是伦敦塔以乌鸦而著名，因而 for 为正确答案。 the time, and not just when I'm working." __13__, David's 5. D 根据句意，David 是被提供了这样一个职位，所以 wife Mo was not __14__ on the idea of life in the Tower, but offered 最为恰当award 表示“授予”，applied 表示“应用” ，she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. "When presented 表示“给予，呈现“，均不符合句意。 we look out of our windows, we see history __15__ around 6. C 根据上下文，很容易理解 David 是这么迷恋这种黑us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future 鸟，因而毫不犹豫地接受了这个职位，所以 hesitation 为正确memories." 答案。 7. A be aware of 表示“意识到”，有这样一命警觉。其他词汇： 三项均不符合句意。 marvellous /'mɑ:viləs/a.奇妙的，不可思议的 8. B 固定搭配 maintain a tradition ，保持一个传统，fascinate / 'fæsmeIt / v. 着迷，吸引 maintain 最为恰当。hold 表示“抓住”，survive 表示“存活，raven /'reivən/ n. 乌鸦，黑色的鸟 legend / 幸存”，last 表示“维持”。

9. B 固定搭配 make sure，意为“确保”，在文中表达的'led3;lnd / n. 传奇，传说

是“确保这种状况不会发生“，因而选 B。

注释： 10. A 根据句意，David 每天大约用四个小时来护理乌鸦，1. ...from our bedroom we have a marvellous view of ... :表达出对乌鸦的爱护之情，devote “献身于……，专用于……”从我们的卧室看去，有一个奇妙的角度。。。 最为恰当。spend 后需加动词 ing 形式。pass 表示“经过”， 2. ... keen on the idea of life in the Tower..: 热衷于塔里的provide 表示“提供”，均不符合句意。 生活 11. D 这是一个定语从句，根据句意，David 已经爱上了它

们，而他正居住在它们旁边(这样一个事实)是理想的，所以 fact

练习： 是正确答案。 1. A. more B. better C. sooner D. 12. C keep an eye on 为固定搭配，意为“注意，关注”，very 所以选 C。 2. A. height B. summit C. peak D. 13. C 根据句意，作者要表达的意思是起初，David 的妻子 top Mo 并不感兴趣，因为只有词组 at first 表示“起初，开始时”3. A. Since B. Out C. From D. 符合句意。 Through 14. B be keen on 为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣，4. A. for B. because C. of D. 对……热衷”，interest 后面配介词 in ，fond后应配介词 of ，by 因此正确答案是 B。 5. A. award B. applied C. presented D. 15. B 根据句意，作者表达的感情非常强烈，过去的那些都offered 环绕在身边，所以 all 为最佳答案。 6. A. regret B. delay C. hesitation D. 第一篇 有鸟陪伴的生活 choice 7. A. aware B. knowing C. pleased D. 作为伦敦塔的守卫者之一David Cope在那里工作了近17delighted 年，被游客们称为Beefeaters。David，64岁，生活在Byward8. A. holding B. maintaining C. surviving D. 塔顶部的一个三居室的单元里，一个警卫室。David说：“从我lasting 们的卧室看去，我们可以看到伦敦塔桥和泰晤士河的一个美好9. A. take B. make C. have D. 景色。” keep 10. A. devotes B. spends C. passes D. 伦敦塔以大黑色的鸟——乌鸦而著名，它们已经在那里生provides 活了三个多世纪。David立刻被这种鸟迷住了，当他在八年前被

提供乌鸦主人的职位时他毫不犹豫地接受了它。“这种鸟类现在3. A) When B) As C) While 已经成为我的生命，我总是警觉到我在保持一个传统。传说中D) During 说，如果乌鸦离开伦敦塔，英国将落到敌人手中，我的工作就4. A) kept B) continued C) carried 是确保这种情况不会发生!” D) insisted 5. A) actions B) matches C) scenes David每天大约用四个小时的时间来护理乌鸦。他已经爱上D) stages 了它们，而他紧挨在它们的旁边生活是最佳选择。“我可以在所6. A) interested B) keen C) enthusiastic 有的时间内密切关注它们，不仅仅是在工作的时候。”起初，D) happy David的妻子Mo对生活在塔里的想法并不热衷，但David明年7. A) lastly B) eventually C) at the end 即将退休，她要离开时也会很伤心。“当我们透过我们的窗口向D) after 外看，我们看到历史环绕在我们身边，我们正接受它并为我们8. A) competitor B) contender C) opponent 未来的记忆存储它。” D) participant 9. A) very B) more C) such D) so 10. A) take B) make C) have 第二篇 A Lucky Break D) get Actor Antonio Banderas is used to breaking bones, and it 11. A) remembered B) reminded C) recorded always seems to happen when he's 1 sport. In the D) replayed film Play It to the Bone he 2 the part of a 12. A) hoped B) pretended C) dreamed middleweight boxer alongside Woody Harrelson. 3 D) looked forward the making of the film Harrelson 4 complaining that 13. A) up B) on C) to the fight 5 weren't very convincing, so one day he D) over suggested that he and Banderas should have a fight for real. 14. A) further B) additional C) different The Spanish actor wasn't 6 on the idea at first, but D) another he was 7 persuaded by his co-star to put on his 15. A) match B) pitch C) court gloves and climb into the boxing ring. However, when he D) course realized how seriously his 8 was taking it all, he began to regret his decision to fight. And then in the third 答案与题解: round, Harrelson hit Banderas 9 hard in the face 1. C 根据句意，每次骨折似乎总是发生在做运动时，应当选that he actually broke his nose. His wife, actress Melanie 用动词 do 0 practise 表示“练习”， 后面应跟某一项具体的训Griffith, was furious that he had been playing "silly macho 练，而不是 sport，所以正确答案为 C。 games". "She was right," confesses Banderas, "and I was 2. A play the part of ...为固定搭配，意为“扮演一个......a fool to 10 a risk like that in the middle of a movie." 的角色”，其他三项均不合适。 He was 11 of the time he broke his leg during a 3. D 联系上下文，根据句意，在影片制作过程中，所以应当football match in his native Malaga. He had always 12 用 during。 of becoming a soccer star, of performing in front of a big 4. A 根据句意，Harrelson 在影片制作过程中不断地抱怨，crowd, but doctors told him his playing days were probably 而且后面的动词complain 用的是ing 形式，因此动词 over. "That's when I decided to take 13 acting; I saw keep“连续，不断”最为恰当。continue 后加动词 ing 形式一it as 14 way of performing, and achieving recognition. 般表示在停顿后重新开始、继续，carry 一般后面跟介词on ，What happened to me on that football 15 表示 “ 进行某项事务 ” ， insist 表示“坚决主张”，不合句意，所以was, you might say, my first lucky break." 选 A。 5. C 联系上下文，因为是影片中的打斗场景，所以这里 词汇: scene 是正确答案。 middleweight / 'midlweit/ n. 中量级拳击手 6. B be keen on 为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣，对......convincing /kən'vinsiŋ/ a.有说服力的，令人信服的 热衷”，interest 后面配介词 in ，enthusiastic 后面配介词 of。 furious /'fju:riəs/ a. 暴怒的，强烈的 7. B 联系上下文，作者要表达的是最终他还是被他的搭档说macho / 'mɑ:tʃəu/ a. 雄壮的，男子气概的 服了，副词eventually 放在动词 persuade 之前，lastly 表示confess / kən'fes/ v. 承认，坦白 “最后一点，最后”，“at the end”一般放在段落的最后，表示 最后怎么样。 注释: 8. C 根据句意，"当他意识到……是全心全意投人进来时，1. ... plays the part of a middleweight boxer 他开始后悔自己要打斗的决定"，显然是对手非常认真的对待这alongside ... :……与……并肩，扮演一个中量级拳击 手…… 场打斗，所以 opponent 是正确答案。 2. ... was reminded of the time ... :......想起……的时9. D so... that ...固定搭配，太……以至于，根据句意，候…… “Harrelson 如此狠地打在 Banderas 的脸上，以至于居然打破 了 Banderas 的鼻子”，其他选项都不适合。 练习: 10. A 固定搭配 take a risk ，表示“冒险”。 1. A) practising B) making C) doing 11. B 联系上下文，根据句意，"他记起在他的故乡马拉加进D) losing 行的一场足球比赛"，是因为鼻子骨折这件事促使他想起了故乡2. A) plays B) does C) gives 的那次比赛， remind 表示“提醒”，符合句意。remember 表D) fights 示“自然想起，记起”不合句意。

12. C 根据句意和后面的介词of ，显然，“他一直梦想成为一个足球明星”，dream 是正确答案。 pretend 表示“假装”，后面眼介词 to，不合句意;look forward 表示叫“向往”，后面跟介词1 0 ，不合句意。 13. A 固定搭配 take up sth. ，表示“开始从事某事”，根据句意，作者要表达的是“我决定开始演戏”，因此 up 是正确答案。

14. D 联系上下文，作者显然把它看成是另外一种比赛，所以只有 another 符合句意。

15. B 词组 football pitch，表示"足球场"。前面由介词 on 引导，后面一定是场地，也就是足球场，而不是 match“比赛”。court 表示“网球场”，course 表示“跑道”，均不符合句意。 第二篇 幸运的骨折

演员Antonio Banderas经常骨折，而且它似乎总是发生在运动时。在影片《拳拳到骨》中，他与Woody Harrelson并肩，扮演一个中量级拳击手。在影片制作过程中，Harrelson不停地抱怨整个打斗场面并不是很令人信服，所以一天，他提议他和Banderas应该进行一场真正的打斗。这位西班牙演员起初对这一想法并不热衷，但最终他还是被他的搭档说服了，他戴上他的手套，爬上了拳击台。然而，当他意识到他的对手是全心全意投入进来时，他开始后悔自己要打斗的决定。在第三轮，Harrelson狠狠地打在Banderas的脸上，以至于居然打破了Banderas的鼻子。女演员Melanie Griffith，他的妻子对他进行这样一场“傻男子气概的游戏”非常愤怒。 “她是对的”，Banderas承认道，“我在电影拍摄过程中进行这样一个冒险真是一个傻瓜。”

他记起在他的故乡马拉加进行的一场足球比赛，那次他的腿骨骨折了。他一直梦想成为一个足球明星，在众多观众前比赛。但他的医生告诉他，他的比赛生涯也许就要结束了。“就在那时我决定开始演戏；我认为这是另外一种比赛并且能够得到认可。可以这么说，发生在那次足球场上的事对我而言，是一次幸运的骨折。”

第三篇 Global Warming

Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate. Many scientists (1) the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase (2) the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than (3) before, the Earth is at (4) from the forces of the wind, rain and sun. (5) to them, global warming is making extreme weather events, (6) as hurricanes and droughts, even more (7) and causing sea levels all around the world to (8) .

Environmental groups are putting (9) on governments to take action to reduce the (10) of carbon dioxide which is given (11) by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source. They are in (12) of more money being spent on research into solar, wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power (13) .

Some scientists, (14) believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would have to wait (15) hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is here to stay. 词汇: climate /'klaimit/ n. 气候,风气 hurricane n. 飓风,暴风­ drought n. 干旱,旱灾

carbon dioxide n. 二氧化碳 solar 太阳的 n. atmosphere 大气 注释:

1. put the blame for ... :把……归咎于……

2. ... in favour of more money being spent on ... :……赞成把钱花在……

练习:

l. A) give B) put C) take D) have

2. A) in B) at C) by D) to 3. A) yet B) never C) once D) ever

4. A) threat B) danger C) risk D) harm

5. A) Concerning B) Regarding C) Depending D) According

6. A) such B) just C) even D) well

7. A) strict B) severe C) strong D) heavy

8. A) raise B) arise C) rise D) lift 9. A) force B) pressure C) persuasion D) encouragement

10.A) amount B) deal C) number D) count

11.A) off B) away C) up D) over

12.A) belief B) request C) favour D) suggestion

Í3.A) factories B) generations C) houses D) stations

14.A) but B) although C) despite D) however

15.A) several B) over C) numerous D) various

答案与题解:

1. B 固定搭配 put the blame for ... ，表示“把……归咎于……”，所以 put 为正确答案。

2. A 介词搭配，文中“the world's temperatures”前需要补充一个介词，表达在全球范围内气温的上升，因此应该在 A 和 B 之间选择。而 at 后面只可以眼某个小地点，根据文意，只有 in 才是正确答案。

3. D 联系上下文，根据句意，显然作者要表达的是“以往任何时候”，因此选用 ever。其他三项均不符合句意。 4. C 固定搭配 at risk ，表达“濒临危险，处境危险”。 5. D 习惯用法 according to sb. 表示“据某某所说”，显然选择 D。

6. A 根据句意，作者要举例子，习惯用法即为 such as ... ，因此选 A。

7. B 根据句意，作者举例子是按照递进的顺序，从飓风、干早到排在后面的是更加严重的问题。strict 表示“严格的”，strong 表示“强烈的”，heavy 表示“沉重的，巨大的”，只有 severe 表示“严峻的，严重的”，因此 B 是正确答案。

8. C 根据句意，导致世界各地的海平面上升，所以在 A 和 C 之间选择。raise 表示"举起，抬起，唤起"，有主动意味，rise 表示客观的上升，因此是正确答案。

9. B 联系上下文，根据句意，根据选项，很容易理解是给政府施加压力，显然 pressure 最为恰当。

10. A 根据句意，减少二氧化碳的排放量，二氧化碳是不可数名词，因此 amount 是正确答案。 ll. A 固定搭配，give off 表示"排放(气体、液体、光)等"，文中表达的是排放二氧化碳气体，显然选 A。而 give away 表示“泄露，分发” ，give up 表示"放弃" ，give over 表示“停止，交出”。

12. C 固定搭配 in favour of ... ，表示“支持……，赞成……”，所以选 C。

13. D 根据句意，作者表达的是"发电站"，为固定词组 power station。

14. D 联系上下文，上文说的是很多科学家的想法，下文转而言另外还有一些科学家的想法，有转折之意，且空格在两句未完的话之间，因此惯用法选择 however。

15. A 根据句意，还需要等几百年，several 表示"几个"，符合句意。其他三个选项均不合适。第三篇 全球变暖

现在很少有人质疑全球变暖的现实及其对世界气候的影响。许多科学家把全球气温上升归咎于最近的自然灾害，他们确信，地球现在比以往任何时候都更受到风、雨和太阳这些力量的威胁。据他们说，全球变暖制造了极端天气事件，例如飓风、干旱，甚至更为严重的以至于世界各地的海平面上升。

环保团体对政府施加压力，要求政府采取行动减少工厂和发电厂排放的二氧化碳量，攻击它的资源问题。他们都赞成把更多的资金用到研发太阳能、风能和波浪能装置上，以取代现有的发电站。

然而，还有一些科学家，他们相信即使明天我们不再排放二氧化碳和其他气体到大气层中，我们也将不得不等待几百年才能得到结果。全球变暖似乎要在这里停留。

第四篇 A Success Story

At 19, Ben Way is already a millionaire, and one of a growing number of teenagers who have

(1) Their fortune through the Internet. (2) makes Ben's story all the more remarkable is that he is dyslexic, and was (3) by teachers at his junior school that he would never be able to read or write (4) . "I wanted to prove them (5) ", says Ben, creator and director of Waysearch, a net search engine which can be used to find goods in online shopping malls.

When he was eight, his local authorities (6) him with a PC to help with school work. Although he was (7) to read the manuals, he had a natural ability with the computer, and (8) by his father, he soon began (9) people $l0 an hour for his knowledge and skills. At the age of 15 he (10) up his own computer consultancy, Quad Computer, which he ran from his bedroom, and two years later he left school to (11) all his time to business. "By this time the company had grown and I needed to take on a (12) of employees to help me", says Ben. "That enabled me to start (13) business with bigger companies.” It was. his ability to consistently (14) difficult challenges that led him to win the Young Entrepreneur of the Year award in the same year that he formed Waysearch, and he has recently signed a deal (15) $25 million with a private investment company, which will finance his search engine. 词汇:

remarkable / ri'mɑ:kəbl / a.卓越的，值得注意的 dyslexic /dis'leksik / a.诵读困难的 n.诵读困难者 authority /ɔ:'θɔrəti / n.权威，权力，当权

consultancy / kən'sʌltənsi / n.凡咨询公司，顾问工作 overcome / ,əuvə'kʌm / v. 克服，胜过

entrepreneur / ,ɔntrəprə'nə:/ n. 企业家，主办者 investment / in'vestmənt/ n. 投资，投入

注释:

1. What makes Ben's story all the more remarkable ... : 使得 Ben 的故事更引人注意的是…...

2. It was his ability to consistently overcome difficult challenges ... : 正是他持续不断地克服困难 挑战的能力…

练习:

1. A) taken B) made C) put D) done

2. A) This B) That C) Something D) What 3. A) said B) told C) suggested D) reported 4. A) absolutely B) totally C) properly D) thoroughly

5. A) wrong B) false C) untrue D) unfair 6. A) provided B) gave C) offered D) got 7. A) impossible B) incapable C) disabled D) unable

8. A) promised B) invited C) encouraged D) animated

9. A) owing B) charging C) lending D) borrowing

10. A) put B) ran C) made D) set 11. A) pay B) spend C) devote D) invest 12. A) couple B) few C) little D) deal 13. A) having B) doingC) making D) bringing 14. A) overcome B) overlook C) overtake D) overdo

15. A) valuable B) estimated C) priced D) worth

答案与题解:

1. B 固定搭配make fortune，意为“制造财富，发财”，因此选 B。其他三项均不合适。 2. D 这里应该是一个由 what 引导的从句为主语的句子，表示“使得 Ben 的故事更引人注意的 是……”，其他三项均无法引导该从句。 3. B 根据句意，是 Ben 被告知，因此选项 told 为E确答案。said 意为“被说”，suggested 意为“被建议”，reported 意为“被报道”，均不合句意。 4. C 联系上下文，了解到本句表达的是 Ben 曾被他的初中教师告知他将永远不能正确读写，而不是完全无法读写，因此 properly 才符合句意。absolutely 表示“完全地，绝对地”，totally 表示“完全地”，thoroughly 表示“彻底地，完全地”，均不合句意。

5. A 根据句意，很容易了解 Ben 是要证明他们对他的判断错了，而不是说他们的判断是假的、不真实的，或者不公平

的，所以 wrong 是正确答案。

6. A 根据动词前的主语 local authorities 和后面的介词 with 可以知道他是被提供了一台个人电脑，所以选项 provide 为正确答案。如用 give 则不需跟介词 with，如用 offer 则需跟 to，如用 get 则需前面的主语是 Ben。 7. D 根据句意，易知文中耍表达的是"虽然他不能阅读使用指南"，因此 unable 为正确答案。impossible 表示“不可能的”，incapable 表示“元能力的”，-般形容不能胜任的; disabled 表示“有残缺的”。

8. C 根据句意，易知文中要表达的是在爸爸的鼓励下。若用 promised 则表示在爸爸的承诺 下，il1-vited 则是在爸爸的邀请下，animated 表示"有生气的"，均不符合句意，因此 encouraged 为正确答案。 9. B 根据句意，“Ben 很快就开始以自己的知识和能力收费一二每小时10英镑"，只有 charge符合句意。

10. D 联系上下文，根据句意，Ben 创建了自己的公司一-Quad Computer，固定搭配 set up 表示“创建”，其他三项均不合适，所以选 D。 11. C 根据句意，Ben 把所有的精力投入到公司经营当中，根据后面的介词 to。可知，只有devote 是正确答案。

12. A 词组搭配 a couple of 表示“一些”，few 一般形容只需少量的几个，little 形容不可数名词，文中要表达的是公司已经发展壮大，Ben 需要雇用一些员工，因此只有 couple 符合句意。

13. B 根据句意，Ben 开始与更大的公司做生意，固定搭配 do business with ...符合句意。其他三项均不合适。

14. A 固定搭配 overcome challenge，表示“克服困难，克服挑战”，因此选 A。overlook 表示“不注意，忽视”，overtake 表示“赶上”，overtake 表示“把……做得过分”。 15. D 根据句意，"“价值2500万英镑的交易”，显然 worth 是正确答案。valuable 表示“珍贵的，值钱的”，estimated 表示“估计，预算”，priced 表示“给……定价，附有定价的”。 第四篇 一个成功的故事

19岁时，Ben Way已经是一个百万富翁了，他是越来越多的通过互联网获得财富的青少年之一。而使得Ben的故事更引人注意的是他有诵读困难，并且曾被他的初中教师告知他将永远不能正确读写。“我要证明他们错了。”Ben说。他后来成为Waysearch的创建者和董事长，Waysearch 是一个在网上购物商场查找货物的网络搜索引擎。

Ben八岁时，他所在的地方当局提供给他一台个人电脑以帮助学校工作。虽然他不能阅读使用指南，但他对计算机有一种天赋，在父亲的鼓励下，Ben很快就开始以自己的知识和能力收费——每小时10英镑。15岁时，Ben成立了自己的电脑顾问公司——夸德电脑，他在自己的卧室里运营(这个公司)，两年之后，他离开了学校，并将所有的精力投入到公司经营当中。

“此时公司已经发展壮大，我需要雇用几个员工帮助我”，Ben说，“这使我开始与更大的公司做生意。”正是他持续不断地克服困难挑战的能力使他赢得了“年度最佳青年企业家”，也是同年，他成立了Waysearch。最近，他与一家私人投资公司签署了价值2 500万英镑的交易，这家公司将为他的搜索引擎提供资金。

第五篇 Traffic in Our Cities

The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risk (1) accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to (2) people to change their habits and leave their cars at home.

One possible (3) is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by (4) charges for parking and (5) tougher fines for anyone who (6) the law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, (7) as "road pricing", is already being introduced in a (8) of cities, using a special electronic card (9) to the windscreen of the car. Another way of (10) with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the (11) of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre. Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus service for the (12) stage of their journey.

Of course, the most important (13) is to provide

good public transport. However, to get people to (14) the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares (15) at an acceptable level. 词汇:

lengthy /'leŋθi/ a. 漫长的，冗长的 persuade / pə'sweid / V. 说服，劝服 approach / ə'prəutʃ / n.方法，途径

windscreen /'windskri:n/ n. 汽车挡风玻璃 outskirt / 'autskə:t / n. 郊区，市郊

reliable / ri'laiəbl / a. 可靠的，可信赖的

注释:

1. ... strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre:… 严格控制进入城市中心的 车辆数量 2. ... public transport must be felt to be...: ……公共交通必须要让人感觉到……

练习:

1. A) of B) for C) about D)by

2. A) make B) arrange C) suggest D)persuade

3. A) approach B) manner C) custom D)style

4. A) enlarging B) increasing C) growing D)developing

5. A) carrying down B) putting off C) bringing in D)taking away

6. A) crosses B) refuses C) breaks D)cracks

7. A) named B) seen C) ca lled D)known

8. A) quantity B) number C) total D)sum

9. A) fixed B) joined C) built D)placed

10. A) doing B) handling C) dealing D)solving

11 . A) outskirts B) border C) outside D)limit

12. A) late B) end C) complete D)final

13. A) thought B) thing C) work

a life with birds篇七：Understand Life With Heart

Understand Life With Heart

The Little Prince ,i decided to buy it from XINHUA bookstore and to read it because i resonated with the inspiring introduction of this book.I began reading The Little Prince on 20 September and finished it on 26 October. The Little Prince is a marvelleous classic ,written by a legendary French writer—Anttoine de Saint-Exupery. The book has been translated into several languages and has inspired so many people since it was published.Fairy Tales are always those stories that adults tell children ,while “The Little Prince “ is in reverse .

Why the author wanted to write this children’s book for adults? Actually ,”all grown-ups were once children ,although few of them remembered it.” The author wanted grown-ups to bear in mind that they once were children ,and understood the true beauty of life with heart instead of immension in the so-called matters of consequence blindly .

What is the book mainly talking about? “The Little Prince” shows us some sweet and sad stories that a pilot who was forced to land in the DESERT of SAHARA because of an accident with his plane ran across with the little prince mystically.And the little prince narrated his adventures of travelling along seven planets as well as stories with the people he met in those planets ,a king, a conceited man , a tippler,a businessman ,a lamplighter,a geogragher,a snake, a flower with three petals ,a rose garden, a switchman,especially a fox by telling these stories to the pilot.The book unfolds us not just grown-ups a truth:like a child feels the beauty of life with his heart,and the very spiritual life will make us really happy.

“The Little Prince’ is a desperately wonderful masterpiece ,which arouses people, together with me to cross-examine ourselves and to figure out what are we looking for and living for.”what is essential is invisible to the eyes?”In author’s eyes, children seem to be ones that really understand the life and know how to feel the beauty of life with hearts rather than with eyes. Those grown-ups have forgotten that they were children once. We hear this sentence from adults” Don’t you see that I am busy with many matters of consequences?” I am wondering what those matters of consequence on earth are? In modern material society ,grown-ups worship money ,frame,success,etc. and are occupied with so-called matters of consequence for earning money to meet the need of families.I wonder that they don’t know even what their family really want and what they themselves feel happy about that.For my own part ,I don’t like that kind of life.what a disater that the pace of people walking on the streets accelerate so rapidlly .People become more and more indifferent to each other.We have no idea their expression on their faces and we can’t feel the warmth from them. Let us ask ourselves “Isn’t the life for?are we really happy with the life we have now?”.Slow down,everybody! Big house, luxurious lifestyle etc. are not the only goal we should pursue in our whole life;a great material life and a excellent school offered to children cannot be replaced with parents'

love and constant care.Without adequate care from parents,part of children do something crazy to attract their attention.The loneliness and sense of loss from your parents cannot be filled with a comfortable material life in their Late years although good life to some extent pays.

Life, however ,is simple:we will find every coner in our house is so perfect ;we will find our children are so intelligent and they love us so much ;we will everything that we have ever been fed up with or we have ignored is pretty good.

Life is not just about material world ; the inside meaning of life needs us to feel with heart. Perhaps one day ,when we laugh spontaneously and consciously, at that time I do believe we have understood what the true life is about.

a life with birds篇八：2013年职称英语综合类完型填空珍藏版(含单词注释+全文翻译)

第一篇 A Life with Birds 有鸟陪伴的生活 For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's yeoman warders(伦敦塔看守), _ better（更…） known to tourists as beefeaters. David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the top（顶部） of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. " From（从） our bedroom we have a marvelous(a.奇妙的，不可思议的) view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David.

作为伦敦塔的守卫者之一的David Cope在那里工作了近17年，被游客们称为Beefeaters。David，64岁，生活在Byward塔顶部的一个三居室的单元里，一个警卫室。David说：“从我们的卧室看去，我们可以看到伦敦塔桥和泰晤士河的一个美好景色。

The Tower of London is famous for（以..而著名） its ravens(n.乌鸦，黑色的鸟), the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. David was immediately fascinated(着迷，吸引) by the birds and when he was _ offered(提供)__ the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no _ hesitation（犹豫）_ in accepting it. "The birds have now become my life and I'm always _ aware（意识到） of the fact that I am _ maintaining （保持）_ a tradition. The legend(传奇，传说) says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to _ make（确保） sure this doesn't happen!"

伦敦塔以大黑色的鸟----乌鸦而著名，它们已经在那里生活了三个多世纪。David立刻被这种鸟迷住了，当他在八年前被提供乌鸦主人的职位时他毫不犹豫地接受了它。“这种鸟类现在已成为我的生命，我总是警觉到我在保持一个传统。传说中说，如果乌鸦离开了伦敦塔，英国将落到敌人的手中，我的工作就是确保这种情况不会发生！

David devotes（献身于） about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. He has grown to love them and the _ fact（事实） that he lives right next to them is ideal. "I can keep（关注） a close eye on them all the time, and not just when I'm working." too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. "When we look out of our windows, we see history around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories."

David每天大约用四个小时的时间来护理乌鸦。他已经爱上了它们，而他紧挨在它们的旁边生活是最佳选择。“我可以在所有的时间内密切关注它们，不仅仅是在工作的时候。”起初，David的妻子Mo对生活在塔里的想法并不热衷，但David明年即将退休，她要离开时也会很伤心。“当我们透过我们的窗口向外看，我们看到历史环绕在我们身边，我们正接受它并为我们未来的记忆存储它。”

第二篇 A Lucky Break 幸运的骨折

Actor Antonio Banderas is used to breaking bones, and it always seems to happen when he's sport. In the film Play It to the Bone he n.中量级拳击手) boxer alongside Woody Harrelson. the making of the film Harrelson complaining that the fight 面） weren't very convincing(a.有说服力的，令人信服的), so one day he suggested that he and Banderas should have a fight for real. The Spanish actor wasn't persuaded by his co-star to put on his gloves and climb into the 拳赛场地). However, when he realized how seriously(认真地) his opponent（对手） was taking it all, he began to regret his decision to fight. And then in the third round, Harrelson hit Banderas hard in the face that he actually broke his nose. His wife, actress Melanie Griffith, was furious(a.暴怒的，强烈的) that he had been playing "silly macho(a.雄壮的，男子气概的) games". "She was right," confesses(v.承认，坦白) Banderas, "and I was a fool to a risk like that in the middle of a movie."

演员Antonio Banderas经常骨折，而且它似乎总是发生在运动时。在影片《拳拳到骨》中，他与Woody Harrelson肩，扮演一个中量级拳击手。在影片制作过程中，Harrelson不停地抱怨整个打斗场面并不是很令人信服，所以一天，他提议他和Banderas应该进行一场真正的打斗。这位西班牙演员起初到这一想法并不热衷，但最终还是被他的搭档说服了，他戴上他的手套，爬上了拳击台。然而，当他意识到他的对手是全心全意投入进来时，他开始后悔自己要打斗的决定。在第三轮，Harrelson狠狠地打在Banderas的脸上，以至于居然打破了Banderas的鼻子。女演员Melanie Griffith他的妻子对他进行这样一场“傻男子气概的游戏”非常愤怒。“她是对的”Banderas承认道，“我在电影拍摄过程中进行这样一个冒险真是一个傻瓜。”

He was of the time he broke his leg during a football match in his native Malaga. He had always were probably over. "That's when I decided to take acting; I saw it as and achieving recognition. What happened to me on that football was, you might say, my first lucky break."

他记起在他的故乡马拉加进行的一场足球比赛，那次他的腿骨折了。他一直梦想成为一个足球明星，在众多观众前比赛。但他的医学告诉他，他的比赛生涯也许就要结束了。“就在那时我决定开始演戏，我认为这是另外一种比赛并且能够得到认可。可以这么说，发生在那次足球场上的事对我而言，是一次幸运的骨折。

第三篇 Global Warming 全球变暖

Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate(n.气候，风气). Many scientists the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than before, the Earth is at from the forces(暴力) of the wind, rain and sun. to them, global warming is making extreme(极端的) weather events, hurricanes(n. 飓风，暴风) and droughts(n.干旱，早灾), even more severe(严重) and causing sea levels all around the world to rise(上升) .

现在很少有人质疑全球变暖的现实及其对世界气候的影响。许多科学家把全球气温上升归咎于最近的自然灾害，他们确信，地球现在比以住任何时候都更受到风、雨和太阳这些力量的威胁。据他们说，全球变暖制造了极端的天气事件，例如飓风、干旱，甚至更为严重的以至于世界各地的海平面上升。

Environmental groups are putting pressure(压力) on governments to take action to reduce the amount(数量) of carbon dioxide(n.二氧化碳) which is given off(排放) by factories and power plants, thus attacking(攻击) the problem at its source. They are in favour(赞成) of more money being spent on research into solar(a.太阳的n.太阳能), wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power stations(装置) .

环保团体对政府施加压力，要求政府采取行动减少工厂和发电厂排放的二氧化碳，攻击它的资源问题。他们都赞成把更多的资金用到研发太阳能、风能和波浪能装置上，以取代现有的发电站。

Some scientists, however(然而) believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere(n.大气) tomorrow, we would have to wait several(几) hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is here to stay(停留).

然而，还有一些科学家，他们相信即使明天我们不再排放二氧化碳和其他气体到大气层中，我们也将不得不等待几百年才能得到结果。全球变暖似乎要在这里停留。

第四篇 A Success Story 一个成功的故事

At 19, Ben Way is already a millionaire, and one of a growing number of teenagers who have their fortune(财富) through the Internet. What(这) makes Ben's story all the more remarkable(a.卓越的，值得注意的) is that he is dyslexic(a.诵读困难的n.诵读困难者), and wasby teachers at his junior school that he would never be able to read or write . "I wanted to prove them a net search engine which can be used to find goods in online shopping malls.

19岁时，Ben Way已经是一个百万富翁了，他是越来越多的通过互联网获得财富的青少年之一。而使得Ben的故事更引人注意的是他有诵读困难，并且曾被他的初中教师告知他将永远不能正确读写。“我要证明他们错了。“Ben说。他后来成为Waysearch的创建者和董事长，Waysearch是一个在网上购物商场查找货物的网络搜索引擎。

When he was eight, his local authorities(n.权威，权力，当权) Although he was to read the manuals, he had a natural ability with the computer, and by his father, he soon began people $l0 an hour for his knowledge and skills. At the age of 15 he 建) up his own computer consultancy(n.咨询公司，顾问工作), Quad Computer, which he ran from his bedroom, and two years later he left school to all his time to business.

Ben八岁时，他所在的地方当局提供给他一台个人电脑以帮助学校工作。虽然他不能阅读使用指南，但他对计算机有一种天赋，在父亲的鼓劢下，Ben很快就开始以自己的知识能力收费----每小时10英镑。15岁时，Ben成立了自己的电脑顾问公司----夸德电脑，他在自己的卧室里运营（这个公司），两年之后，他离开了学校，并将所有的精力投入到公司经营当中。

"By this time the company had grown and I needed to take on a "That enabled me to start with bigger companies.” It was his ability to consistently(始终如一的) difficult challenges that led him to win the Young Entrepreneur(n.企业家，主办者) of the Year award in the same year that he formed Waysearch, and he has recently signed a deal $25 million with a private investment(n.投资，投入) company, which will finance(为„供给资金) his search engine.

“此时公司已经发展壮大，我需要雇用几个员工帮助我”，Ben说，“这使我开始与更大的公司做生意。”正是他持续不断地克服困难挑战的能力使他赢得了“年度最佳青年企业家”，也是同年，他成立了Waysearch。最近，他与一家私人投资公司签署了价值2500万英镑的交易，这家公司为他的搜索引擎提供资金。

第五篇 Traffic in Our Cities我们的城市交通

The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy(a.漫长的，冗长的) delays, and the greater risk accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to 当今世界，许多城市的交通量在不断扩大。这导致了许多问题，包括严重的空气污染、长时间拥堵，以及交通事故发生概率的增大。显而易见，我们必须要有所行动，但往往说服人们改变他们的生活习惯，使他们把车留在家里是很困难的。

One possibleparking and 严格的, 强硬的因…而罚(款)) anyone who addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, 所熟知) as "road pricing", is already being introduced in a number(一些) of cities, using a special electronic card n.汽车挡风玻璃) of the car.

一种可行的方法是通过增加停车收费和加强违规罚款而使人们使用汽车的成本变得更加昂贵。此外，在每天的不同时间，一些特殊路段将对司机另行收费。这个被称为“道路收费”的系统被一些城市所引用，它使用一种特殊的电子卡固定在汽车的挡风玻璃上。

Another way of with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre. Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus service stage of their journey.

另一种处理这个问题的方法是在城市的郊区提供廉价的停车场，并严格控制进入城市中心的车辆数量。司机和乘客乘坐特殊巴士完成他们最后的旅程。

Of course, the most important thing(..的事) is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to give up(放弃) the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable(a.可靠的，可信赖的), convenient(方便的) and

comfortable, with fares(票价) kept(保持) at an acceptable level.

当然，最重要的事情还是提供良好的公共交通。然而，要让人们放弃他们汽车的舒适，公共交通必须要让人感觉可靠、便利、舒适，同时票价也要保持在一个可接受的水平。

第六篇 Teaching and learning 教与学

Many teachers believe that the responsibilities(职责是…的责任) the student. If a long reading assignment(n.任务，作业) is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The student is considered to be one who is motivated(v.刺激，激发„„的积极性) to learn 为了) not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returnedbrief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is for learning the material assigned. When research is guidance. It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain university library works; they expect students graduate students to exhaust(v.耗尽，使筋疲力尽;彻底讨论) the reference in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but have many other duties teaching, such as administrative(adj.管理的,行政的) or research work. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is If a student has problems with classroom work , the student should either appointment(n.约定，约会).

许多教师认为学习是学生的责任。如果教师布置了一篇阅读的任务，即使他们没有在课堂上讨论过或者考试过，他们还是期望学生熟悉这篇读物里的信息。理想的学生被认为是那种为了学习而有动机地学习而不是那种只对高分感兴趣的学生。有时被发回来的作业上只有简短的评价，并无分数。即使不给分数，学生也有责任学习布置的材料。当一项研究课题被选定时，教授们期望学生积极去做并且以最少的指导完成。在图书馆查找书籍、杂志和论文是学生的责任。教授们没有时间去解释一个大学的图书馆如何运行；他们期望学生，尤其是研究生阅尽图书馆中的文献资源。教授们愿意帮助需要帮助的学生，但是更希望学生不要太过依赖他们。在美国，教授除了上课以外还有其他职责，比如管理工作或研究工作。因此一个教授能分给学生的课外时间是有限的。如果一个学生对课堂作业有问题，他应该在办公时间找老师或者预约。

*第七篇 The Difference between Man and Computer 人与电脑的区别

What makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element(n.元素，成分，要素) that our theories don’t yet account(解释)__ for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about _ what(那些) __ they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand, don't. In fact, computers don't even (甚至) have interests;there is nothing in particular(尤其, 特别) that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computer program（程序）_ is to be a model of story understanding, it should also read for a "purpose".

是什么让人有别于电脑程序？我们的理论还没有解释的缺少的要素是什么？答案很简单：人们阅读报纸故事为了学习更多他们感兴趣的东西，而电脑不是。事实上，电脑甚至连兴趣都没有，当它们试图阅读时它们没有寻找任何特别的东西。如果一个电脑程序是理解故事模式，那它也是为了某个意图去阅读。

Of course, people have several goals that do not make sense（合理） to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide in （为了） order to satisfy hunger or entertainment(n.娱乐，消遣) goals, or to find （寻找） a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches.

诚然，人类的意图若是被强加到电脑身上便没有任何意义。一个要可能会读就餐指南，只是为了解决饥饿或是有娱乐目的，也可能是为了寻找一个吃商务餐的好地方。电脑不会饿，也不吃商务餐。

However, these physiological(adj.生理学的,生理的) and social goals give rise （导致） to several intellectual(adj.智力的，聪明的) or cognitive(adj.认知的，认识上的) goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to(引起, 导致) goals to find about the name of a restaurant which the desired type of food, how expensive the restaurant is,the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to information or knowledge, what we are calling _ goals. These goals can be held by computers too; a computer _ "want" to find out the location of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do so such a goal would not 很可能) arise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants.

然而，这些心理和社会目标会导致一些智力或者认知目标。一个想要解决饥饿的意图会促使这样的念头产生：找到一个提供我们想要的食物的餐厅，这餐厅叫什么名，价位如何，在什么位置等。我们把这些为了获取信息或者知识的目标叫做学习目标。电脑也能有这些目标；一台电脑也许“想要”寻找餐厅的方位，并且为了做得像一个人一样去阅读一个指南。虽然这样的目标就电脑来说不是产生于饥饿，但电脑很可能从这个目标去获得更多关于餐厅的信息。

*第八篇 Look on The Bright Side看光明的一面

Do you ever wish you were more optimistic(adj.乐观的，乐观主义的), someone who always to be successful? Having someone around who always the worst isn’t really a lot of someone who sees a single cloud on a sunny day and says, "It looks like（像） rain. " But if you catch yourself thinking such things,it's important to do something it(代前面整句话，指这个状况、情况、事实).

你曾经想要让自己变得更乐观吗？想过让自己变成一个总是期待成功的人吗？若是周围有个总是往事情最坏处考虑的人，我们一定没有什么乐趣----就像我们都知道某些人看到天空有一片云便要说下雨。但是你要是发现自己也这样想了，那就要必要针对它采取一些措施了。

You can change your view of life, according（根据） to psychologists(心理学家). It only takes a little effort, and you'll find life more rewarding(adj.有益的，值得的，有报酬的) as a result（结果）. Optimism，they say，is partly about self-respect and confidence but it's also a more positive way of looking at life and all it has to offer（提供）. Optimists are more likely（很有可能） to start new projects and are generally more prepared to take risks.

根据心理学家的说法，人们可以改变对生活的看法。只需一点儿努力，你将发现生活会回报给你的更好。人们说乐观主义在一定程度上是自尊和自信，但它也是对待生活和它所给予的一种积极态度。乐观主义者更有可能开始新的项目，通常也更容易准备好去承担风险。

Upbringing(教养，养育，抚育) is obviously(adv.明显地，显然地) very important in forming your attitude（态度） to the world. Some people are brought up to depend（依赖于） too much on others and grow up(成长) forever blaming(v.责备，归咎于) other people when anything goes（发生） wrong. Most optimists,on the _other（另一方面） hand, have been brought up not to regard（把..看作） failure as the end of the world—they just get on（继续） with their lives.

很显然，成长经历对于你对待世界的态度的形成是至关重要的。有些人养成了过于依赖别人的习惯，一旦事情出了差错，便责备他人。然而另一方面，许多乐观主义者被教导，不要失败当成世界末日，只需继续生活。

*第九篇 The First Bicycle第一辆自行车

The history of the bicycle goes back more than 200 years. In 1791, Count(伯爵) de Sivrac delighted（使...喜悦） onlookers(观众) in a park in Paris as he showed off(炫耀) his two-wheeled invention, a machine called the celeriferé. It was basically an enlarged（扩大） version of a children’s toy which had been in use（在使用中） for many years. Sivrac's "celeriferé" had a wooden frame, made in the shape（形状） of a horse,which was mounted on a wheel at either end．To ride it, you sat on a small seat, just like a modem bicycle,and pushed hard（努力） against the ground（地面） with your legs—there were no pedals(踏板，脚蹬子). It was impossible to steer(驾驶，操纵，控制) a celeriferé and it had no brakes(闸，刹车),but despite these problems the invention very much to the fashionable young men of Paris. Soon they were races up and down the streets.

自行车的历史可以追溯到两百多年前。1791年，西夫拉克伯爵在巴黎的一个公园里向众人展示并炫耀了自己的发明，一架被称为”celerifere”的双轮车。它主要就是一个使用了很多年的儿童玩具的扩大版。西夫拉克的”celerifere”有一个马形状的木框，两端分别装有一个轮子。坐上一个小座位便可以骑了，就像现在的自行车一样，但双脚要使劲蹬地——因为没有脚踏板。操纵方向和刹车也是不太可能的，尽管有这些问题，这个发明在当时还是吸引了许多巴黎时尚的年轻人。很快他们便举行了比赛，在街上到处骑。

Minor were common as riders attempted a final burst(爆发，突发，爆炸) of . Controlling the machine was difficult, as the only way to change was to pull up the front of the "celeriferé" and it round while the front wheel was in the air. "Celeriferés" were not popular for long,however,as the of no springs(弹簧), no steering and rough roads(起伏路) made riding them very uncomfortable. Even so,the wooden celeriferé was the 始祖of the modem bicycle.

当骑手尝试最后冲刺时，受到一些小伤是很普通的事情。控制那台机器是很难的，改变行驶方向唯一的方法是拉起车前身，当前轮还在空中打转时掉转车头。然而这种木制的双轮车并没有流行很长时间，结合了没有弹簧、没有方向舵，以及遭遇不平整路段等问题，木制的双轮车骑起来十分不舒服。尽管如此，这种木制的”celerifere”还是现在的自己车的始袓。

*第十篇 Working Mothers职业母亲

Carefully conducted(v.实施，实行) researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems, compared with children whose mothers stayed at home. My personal is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish. Whether we like it or not, there are a of mothers who just have to work. There are those who have invested(投资) such a big part of their lives in establishing(建立) a career that they cannot to see it lost. Then there are many who must work out of pure economic(经济上的) . Many mothers are not out to be full-time parents. After a few months at home with a much loved infant(婴儿，幼儿), they feel trapped(v.使陷入困境，使受限制) and isolated(使隔离，使孤立).

与全职母亲的孩子相比，对职业母亲的孩子仔细进行的调查并没有展示出任何长期的问题。我的个人观点是，只要妈妈们想工作，那么他们就可以工作。不管我们是否喜欢这一点，有许多妈妈不得不工作，这是事实。有这样的母亲，她们已投入了大半生去创建事业，若是失去这份事业，她们承受不起。还有许多母亲完全是出于经济上的原因必须工作。很多母亲并不是做全职母亲的这块料，与这么可爱的婴儿在家待几个月之后，她们感觉受到了限制，被孤立了。

There are a number of options(选项，选择) when it to choosing childcare. These range from child minders(照顾者) and nannies(保姆直到) Granny(奶奶) or the kind(好心的) lady the street. prepared! No how good the childcare may be,some children are going to protest(抗议) wildly(激烈的) if they are left. This is a normal stage of child development. Babies separate well in the first six months,but soon after that they start to get a crush(依恋, 压烂) on Mum and close family . Make sure that in the first week you allow 安顿下来).

涉及儿童托管，有很多方式可供选择，从托儿所和保姆到奶奶或是街对面的好心女士。然而实际上，许多父母没有任何选择，不管能有什么都得接受。准备好了啊！不管你选的托管方式有多好，一些孩子被留下时，都会激烈抗议，这是儿童发展过程中完全正常的一个阶段。婴儿刚出生的前六个月对与母亲分开没有感觉，但不久之后他们便会对母亲和亲密家族成员产生依恋。要保证在第一周付出足够多的时间来帮助他安稳下来。

All children are different. Some are independent, while others are more their mothers. Remember that if you want to do（做） the best for your children, it's not the quantity(数量) of time you spend with them，it's the quality（质量） that matters.

每个孩子都是不一样的，有的很独立，有时却很依恋母亲。如果你想为你的孩子做到最好，那么记住这一点，

你与孩子相处时间的长短不重要，相处过程中的质量才重要。

+第十一篇 School Lunch学校午餐

Research has shown that over half the children in Britain who take their own lunches to school do not eat properly（正常地） in the middle of the day. In Britain schools have to provide（提供） meals at lunchtime. Children can choose（选择） to bring their own food or have lunch at the school canteen(食堂，小卖部).

研究显示，在英国超过一半以上的儿童将午餐带到学校去吃而不是在中午饭点正常吃。英国学校在午餐时间会正常提供午餐，孩子们可以选择带餐过去或者在食堂就餐。

One shocking finding（发现） of this research is that school meals are much healthier than lunches prepared by parents. There are strict standards（标准） for the preparation of school meals, which have to include one portion（比例） of fruit and one of vegetables, as well as meat, a dairy(乳制品的) item and starchy((食物)含有大量淀粉的) food like bread or pasta(意大利面食). Lunchboxes examined（检查） by researchers contained sweet drinks, crisps(炸马铃薯片) and chocolate bars. Children consume（摄取） twice as much sugar(糖) as they should at lunchtime.

在此项研究中，一项令人震惊的发现显示，学校提供的午餐比家长准备的更加健康。学校午餐有着严格的准备标准：包括一份水果、一种蔬菜和肉、奶制品以及含有大量淀粉的食物，如面包、意大利面食。然而被检查的学生自带的饭盒中含有甜饮料、薯条和巧克力棒。学生摄取的糖分是他们应当在午餐中摄取的2倍。

The research will provide a better understanding （解释） of why the percentage of overweight students in Britain has increased（增长） in the last decade. Unfortunately, the government cannot criticise（批评） parents, but it can remind them of the nutritional（营养的） value of milk, fruit and vegetables. Small changes in their children's diet can affect（影响） their future health. Children can easily develop bad eating habits（习惯） at this age, and parents are the only ones who can it.

这份调查研究对为什么在过去的十年中英国学生的超重人数上升提供了一个更好的解释。但不幸的是，政府不能批评家长但却可以提醒他们牛奶、水果、蔬菜的营养价值。孩子们饮食上小小的改变可能会影响他们未来的健康。孩子们在这样的年龄段很容易养成坏习惯，家长却是唯一能够阻止这件事发生的人。

+第十二篇 A Powerful Influence强大的影响 根本) that the Internet has made a huge difference to our lives. Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the Internet, hardly doing anything else in their spare time. Naturally, parents are to find out why the Internet is so attractive, and they want to know if it can be to their children. Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time 着看成） their computers?

毫无疑问，互联网给我们的生活带来了巨大改变，家长们担心孩子们在网上花费大量的时间，在他们的课余时间几乎不做其他事情。自然而然地家长们好奇找出网络之所以吸引人的原因，并且他们想知道这是否会对他们的孩子造成伤害。花了大量的时间盯着电脑看，家长们是否应该担心呢?

Obviously, if children are bent over their computers for hours, in some game, instead of doing their homework, then something is wrong. Parents and children could decide how much use the child should 用） of the Internet, and the child should give his or her word（诺言） that it won’t interfere(妨碍) with homework. If the child is not to this arrangement(安排), the parent can take more drastic(严厉的，极端的) 取措施） dealing with a child's use of the Internet is not much different from negotiating（协商）_ any other sort of 就(某物)讨价还价) behaviour.

很显然，如果孩子在电脑上花费了太长时间，如沉迷网络游戏，而不是做功课，就是不对的。家长和孩子应该决定多大程度上利用电脑，并且孩子应该保证这不会干预他的功课。如果孩子没坚守这个安排，家长会采取更加严厉的措施处理孩子对网络的应用，这样与协商任何关于这样的行为的讨价还价无异。

Any parent who is alarmed about a child's behaviour should make an appointment(约定) to the matter with a teacher. Spending time in front of the screen does not affect a child's performance at school. Even if a child is crazy about using the Internet，he or she is probably just through a phase(阶段，时期), and in a few months there will be something else to worry about!

任何家长对孩子这样的行为产生警觉时应该与老师讨论一下，在电脑屏幕前太长时间并不一定会影响孩子的在校表现，即使一个孩子已经疯狂地迷恋使用网络，他也许仅仅是在度过一个时期，几个月以后还会有其他事情去担心。

+第十三篇 The Old Gate古老之门

In the Middle Ages the vast majority of European cities had walls around them. This was partly for defensive but another factor was the need to keep out anyone regarded as undesirable, like people with contagious(传染性的，会蔓延的) by the end of the 18th century. The last of London's gates was removed a century ago, but by a of luck, it was never destroyed.

在中世纪，绝大多数欧洲城市都有城墙围绕着。城墙一方面是为了防御外敌，但另一方面是阻止任何不受欢迎的人入城，比如患有传染病的人。伦敦古城的城门，均在18世纪末被拆毁。伦敦最后一道城门也在一个世纪之前迁移，但是极其幸运的是，它从未遭到破坏。

This gate is, in fact, not called a gate at all; its name is Temple Bar, and it marked the 界线） between the Old City of London and Westminster. In 1878 the Council of London took the Bar down, numbered the stones and put the gate in storage(存储) because its design was unfashionable(老套) it was expensive to maintain(维修) and it was blocking the traffic.

事实上，这道门，完全不能称其为门；它的名字叫圣殿酒吧区，是伦敦古城与威斯敏斯特的分界线。1878年，伦敦议会将其推倒，给石头编了号，并将它们储藏。原因是这个门设计老套，维修费用昂贵，并且堵塞交通。

a life with birds篇九：职称英语课文详细翻译英汉对照A Life with Birds

2013年职称英语综合课文朗读MP3与课文对照翻译，全书打包下载30元。汇款账号：6228360042331794 收款人：赵中华。QQ: 414498418

A Life with Birds

有鸟陪伴的生活

自由民 守卫 For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's yeoman warders, 作为伦敦塔的守卫者之一David Cope在那里工作了近17年，

【A. more B. better C. sooner D. very 】

更为人所熟知 游客

（better） known to tourists as beefeaters.

被游客们称为Beefeaters。

【A. height B. summit C. peak D. top 】 三居室 公寓 正正 David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the（top） of the Byward Tower, one of David，64岁，生活在Byward塔顶部的一个三居室的单元里，一个警卫室。

警卫室

the gatehouses.

【A. Since B. Out C. From D. Through 】 卧室 绝妙的 风景 泰晤士河

"（From） our bedroom we have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David. “从我们的卧室看去，我们可以看到伦敦塔桥和泰晤士河的一个美好景色。” David说：

【A. for B. because C. of D. by 】

乌鸦

The Tower of London is famous （for） its ravens, the large black birds which have lived 伦敦塔以大黑色的鸟——乌鸦而著名， 它们已经在那里生活

there for over three centuries.

了三个多世纪。

迷住 David was immediately fascinated by the birds

David立刻被这种鸟迷住了，

【A. award B. applied C. presented D. offered 】【A. regret B. delay C. hesitation D. choice 】 提供 乌鸦 主人 犹豫 and when he was （offered） the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no （hesitation） 当他在八年前被提供乌鸦主人的职位时他毫不犹豫地接受了它。

接受

in accepting it.

【A. aware B. knowing C. pleased D. delighted】

意识到

"The birds have now become my life and I'm always （aware） of

“这种鸟类现在已经成为我的生命， 我总是警觉到

【A. holding B. maintaining C. surviving D. lasting 】

the fac t that I am （maintaining ）says tha t if the ravens leav e the Tower,

我在保持一个传统。传说中说，如果乌鸦离开伦敦塔， 维持 乌鸦

【A. take B. make C. have D. keep 】

落到 确信

England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to （make） sure this doesn't happen!" 英国将落到敌人手中， 我的工作就是确保这种情况不会发生!”

【A. devotes B. spends C. passes D. provides】 献身于… 乌鸦

David （devotes） about four hours a day to the care of the ravens.

David每天大约用四个小时的时间来护理乌鸦。

【A. reason B. chance C. opportunity D. fact】 事实 位置 理想

He has grown to love them and the （fact） that he lives right next to them is ideal. 他已经爱上了它们， 而他紧挨在它们的旁边生活是最佳选择。

【A. hold B. have C. keep D. put】

"I can （keep） a close eye on them all the time, and not just when I'm working."

“我可以在所有的时间内密切关注它们， 不仅仅是在工作的时候。”

【A. Firstly B. First of all C. At first D. First】

（At first）,

起初，

【A. interested B. keen C. fond D. happy】

对……热衷 David's wife Mo was not （keen） on the idea of life in the Tower,

David的妻子Mo对生活在塔里的想法并不热衷，

悲哀 明年 but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. 但David明年即将退休，她要离开时也会很伤心。

【A. every B. all C. much D. so】

“When we look out of our windows, we see history （all） around us,

“当我们透过我们的窗口向外看，我们看到历史环绕在我们身边，

储它 未来的记忆

and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories."

我们正接受它并为我们未来的记忆存储它。”

答案与题解：

１．　　Ｂ　　　　　　　　根据上下文，这里应选择比较级，所以排除Ｄ，再根据句意，为“更为人所

熟知”，因而ｂｅｔｔｅｒ是正确答案。

２．　　Ｄ　　　　　　　　根据句意，词组搭配　ａｔ　ｔｈｅ　ｔｏｐ　ｏｆ　，表示在……顶部最为合适。Ｈｅｉｇｈｔ　

意为“高度“，ｓｕｍｍｉｔ　意为“最高点”，ｐｅａｋ　意为“顶峰“，所以选　Ｄ。

３．　　Ｃ　　　　　　　　　根据句意，从卧室的角度看去，ｆｒｏｍ　最为恰当。

４．　　Ａ　　　　　　　　固定搭配　ｂｅ　ｆａｍｏｕｓ　ｆｏｒ　意为“以……而著名”，文中要表达的是伦敦塔

以乌鸦而著名，因而　ｆｏｒ　为正确答案。

５．　　Ｄ　　　　　　　　　根据句意，Ｄａｖｉｄ　是被提供了这样一个职位，所以　ｏｆｆｅｒｅｄ　最为恰当ａｗａｒｄ

　表示“授予”，ａｐｐｌｉｅｄ　表示“应用”　，ｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｅｄ　表示“给予，呈现“，均不符合句意。

６．　　Ｃ　　　　　　　　　根据上下文，很容易理解　Ｄａｖｉｄ　是这么迷恋这种黑鸟，因而毫不犹豫地接受

了这个职位，所以　ｈｅｓｉｔａｔｉｏｎ　为正确答案。

７．　　Ａ　　　　　　　　ｂｅ　ａｗａｒｅ　ｏｆ　表示“意识到”，有这样一命警觉。其他三项均不符合句意。

８．　　Ｂ　　　　　　　　固定搭配　ｍａｉｎｔａｉｎ　ａ　ｔｒａｄｉｔｉｏｎ　，保持一个传统，ｍａｉｎｔａｉｎ　最为恰当。ｈｏｌｄ　

表示“抓住”，ｓｕｒｖｉｖｅ　表示“存活，幸存”，ｌａｓｔ　表示“维持”。

９．　　Ｂ　　　　　　　　固定搭配　ｍａｋｅ　ｓｕｒｅ，意为“确保”，在文中表达的是“确保这种状况不会发

生“，因而选　Ｂ。

１０．　　Ａ　　根据句意，Ｄａｖｉｄ　每天大约用四个小时来护理乌鸦，表达出对乌鸦的爱护之情，ｄｅｖｏｔｅ　

“献身于……，专用于……”最为恰当。ｓｐｅｎｄ　后需加动词　ｉｎｇ　形式。ｐａｓｓ　　表示“经过”，　

ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ　表示“提供”，均不符合句意。

１１．　　Ｄ　　这是一个定语从句，根据句意，Ｄａｖｉｄ　已经爱上了它们，而他正居住在它们旁边（这样

一个事实）是理想的，所以　ｆａｃｔ　是正确答案。

１２．　　Ｃ　　　　　　　　　ｋｅｅｐ　ａｎ　ｅｙｅ　ｏｎ　为固定搭配，意为“注意，关注”，所以选　Ｃ。

１３．　　Ｃ　　根据句意，作者要表达的意思是起初，Ｄａｖｉｄ　的妻子　Ｍｏ　并不感兴趣，因为只有词组　

ａｔ　ｆｉｒｓｔ　表示“起初，开始时”符合句意。

１４．　　Ｂ　　　　　　　　ｂｅ　ｋｅｅｎ　ｏｎ　为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣，对……热衷”，ｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔ　后面

配介词　ｉｎ　，ｆｏｎｄ后应配介词　ｏｆ　，因此正确答案是　Ｂ。

１５．　　Ｂ　　根据句意，作者表达的感情非常强烈，过去的那些都环绕在身边，所以　ａｌｌ　为最佳答案。

a life with birds篇十：职称英语综合A完形填空A5版

第一篇 A Life with Birds

For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's yeoman warders(伦敦塔看守), _ known to tourists as beefeaters. David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the 部） of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. " From（从） our bedroom we have a marvelous(a.奇妙的，不可思议的) view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David.

The Tower of London is famous for（以..而著名） its ravens(n.乌鸦，黑色的鸟), the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. David was immediately fascinated(着迷，吸引) by the birds and when he was _ offered(提供)__ the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no _ hesitation（犹豫）_ in accepting it. "The birds have now become my life and I'm always _ of the fact that I am _（保持）_ a tradition. The legend(传奇，传说) says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to sure this doesn't happen!"

David devotes（献身于） about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. He has grown to love them and the _that he lives right next to them is ideal. "I can and not just when I'm working." At first（起初）, David's wife Mo was not _keen（对..感兴趣） on the idea of life in the Tower, but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. "When we look out of our windows, we see history all（所有） around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories." 第二篇 A Lucky Break

Actor Antonio Banderas is used to breaking bones, and it always seems to happen when he's doing(做) sport. In the film Play It to the Bone he plays（扮演一个…） the part of a middleweight(n.中量级拳击手) boxer alongside Woody Harrelson. During（过程中） the making of the film Harrelson kept（连续） complaining that the fight scenes（场面） weren't very convincing(a.有说服力的，令人信服的), so one day he suggested that he and Banderas should have a fight for real. The Spanish actor wasn't keen（对…热衷） on the idea at first, but he was 拳赛场地). However, when he realized how seriously(认真地) his opponent（对手） was taking it all, he began to regret his decision to fight. And then in the third round, Harrelson hit Banderas so（太…以至于..） hard in the face that he actually broke his nose. His wife, actress Melanie Griffith, was furious(a.暴怒的，强烈的) that he had been playing "silly macho(a.雄壮的，男子气概的) games". "She was right," confesses(v.承认，坦白) Banderas, "and I was a fool to take（冒险） a risk like that in the middle of a movie."

He was of the time he broke his leg during a football match in his native Malaga. He had always dreamed（梦想） of becoming a soccer star, of performing in front of a big crowd, but doctors told him his playing days were probably over. "That's when I decided to take up（开始） acting; I saw it as 外） way of performing, and achieving recognition. What happened to me on that football pitch（场） was, you might say, my first lucky break."

第三篇 Global Warming 全球变暖

Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate(n.气候，风气). Many scientists put（把…归咎于） the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase in（在） the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than ever(任何时候) before, the Earth is at from the forces(暴力) of the wind, rain and sun. According(据说) to them, global warming is making extreme(极端的) weather events, such(例如) as hurricanes(n. 飓风，暴风) and droughts(n.干旱，早灾), even more severe(严重) and causing sea levels all around the world to rise(上升) .

Environmental groups are putting 量) of carbon dioxide(n.二氧化碳) which is given off(排放) by factories and power plants, thus attacking(攻击) the problem at its source. They are in of more money being spent on research into solar(a.太阳的n.太阳能), wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power stations(装置) .

Some scientists, into the atmosphere(n.大气) tomorrow, we would have to wait several(几) hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is here to stay(停留).

第四 A Success Story

At 19, Ben Way is already a millionaire, and one of a growing number of teenagers who have their fortune(财富) through the Internet. What(这) makes Ben's story all the more remarkable(a.卓越的，值得注意的) is that he is dyslexic(a.诵读困难的n.诵读困难者), and was told(告知) by teachers at his junior school that he would never be able to read or write properly(正确地) . "I wanted to prove them wrong(错了) ", says Ben, creator and director of Waysearch, a net search engine which can be used to find goods in online shopping malls.

When he was eight, his local authorities(n.权威，权力，当权) school work. Although he was unable(不能) to read the manuals, he had a natural ability with the computer, and by his father, he soon began skills. At the age of 15 he set(创建) up his own computer consultancy(n.咨询公司，顾问工作), Quad Computer,

which he ran from his bedroom, and two years later he left school to all his time to business.

"By this time the company had grown and I needed to take on a couple(一些) of employees to help me", says Ben. "That enabled me to start business with bigger companies.‖ It was his ability to consistently(始终如一的) overcome(克服) difficult challenges that led him to win the Young Entrepreneur(n.企业家，主办者) of the Year award in the same year that he formed Waysearch, and he has recently signed a deal $25 million with a private investment(n.投资，投入) company, which will finance(为…供给资金) his search engine.

五篇 Traffic in Our Cities

The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy(a.漫长的，冗长的) delays, and the greater risk of（..的风险） accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to leave their cars at home.

One possible加) charges for parking and bringing(收益) in tougher(严格的, 强硬的) fines for(因…而罚(款)) anyone who the law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, known(为所熟知) as "road pricing", is already being introduced in a number(一些) of cities, using a special electronic card fixed(固定在..上) to the windscreen(n.汽车挡风玻璃) of the car.

Another way of dealing(处理) with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the outskirts(效区) of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre. Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus service for the final(最后的) stage of their journey.

Of course, the most important thing(..的事) is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to give up(放弃) the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable(a.可靠的，可信赖的), convenient(方便的) and comfortable, with fares(票价) at an acceptable level.

第六篇 Teaching and learning

Many teachers believe that the responsibilities(职责) for learning 是…的责任) the student. If a long reading assignment(n.任务，作业) is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the information（信息）__in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The idea （理想）_ student is considered to be one who is motivated(v.刺激，激发……的积极性) to learn for the sake of(为了) （带…回来） brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is for learning the material assigned. When research is , the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum(最少的) guidance. It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain how(如何) a university library works; they expect students particularly (尤其) graduate students to exhaust(v.耗尽，使筋疲力尽;彻底讨论) the reference _ sources(资源) _ in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but prefer(更喜欢) that their students should not be too(太) dependent on them. In the United Stats professors have many other duties adj.管理的,行政的) or research work. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited(有限的) . If a student has problems with classroom work , the student should either _ approach(接近)_ a professor during office hours or make an appointment(n.约定，约会).

*第七篇 The Difference between Man and Computer

What makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element(n.元素，成分，要素) that our theories don’t yet account(解释)__ for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about computers don't even (甚至) have interests;there is nothing in particular(尤其, 特别) that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computer _ is to be a model of story understanding, it should also read for a "purpose".

Of course, people have several goals that do not make sense（合理） to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide in order to satisfy hunger or entertainment(n.娱乐，消遣) goals, or to find（寻找）a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches.

However, these physiological(adj.生理学的,生理的) and social goals give rise （导致） to several intellectual(adj.智力的，聪明的) or cognitive(adj.认知的，认识上的to(引起, 导致) goals to find information（信息） about the name of a restaurant which serves（供应） the desired type of food, how expensive the restaurant is,the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to acquire（获取） information or knowledge, what we are calling learning（学习）_ goals. These goals can be held by computers too; a computer might（可能）_ "want" to find out the location of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do so in（以…方式） the same way as a person might. While such a goal would not arise（起

于） out of hunger in the case of the computer, it might well(很可能) arise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants.

*第八篇 Look on The Bright Side

Do you ever wish you were more optimistic(adj.乐观的，乐观主义的), someone who always （期望） to be successful? Having someone around who always fears（恐惧） the worst isn’t really a lot of fun（乐趣）. We all know someone who sees a single cloud on a sunny day and says, "It looks like（像） rain. " But if you catch yourself thinking such things,it's important to do something about（对此） it(代前面整句话，指这个状况、情况、事实).

You can change your view of life, according（根据） to psychologists(心理学家). It only takes a little effort, and you'll find life more rewarding(adj.有益的，值得的，有报酬的) as a ，they say，is partly about self-respect and confidence but it's also a more positive way of looking at life and all it has to . Optimists are more to start new projects and are generally more prepared to take risks.

Upbringing(教养，养育，抚育) is obviously(adv.明显地，显然地) very important in forming your （态度） to the world. Some people are brought up to depend（依赖于） too much on others and grow up(成长) forever blaming(v.责备，归咎于) other people when anything goes（发生） wrong. Most optimists,on the _other（另一方面） hand, have been brought up not to regard（把..看作） failure as the end of the world—they just get on（继续） with their lives.

*第九篇 The First Bicycle第一辆自行车

The history of the bicycle goes back more than 200 years. In 1791, Count(伯爵) de Sivrac 喜悦） onlookers(观众) in a park in Paris as he showed off(炫耀) his two-wheeled invention, a machine called the celeriferé. It was basically an enlarged（扩大） version of a children’s toy which had been in use（在使用中） for many years. Sivrac's "celeriferé" had a wooden frame, made in the shape（形状） of a horse,which was mounted on a wheel at either end．To ride it, you sat on a small seat, just like a modem bicycle,and pushed （努力） against the ground（地面） with your legs—there were no pedals(踏板，脚蹬子). It was impossible to steer(驾驶，操纵，控制) a celeriferé and it had no brakes(闸，刹车),but despite these problems the invention very much appealed（吸引） to the fashionable young men of Paris. Soon they were holding（举行） races up and down the streets.

Minor injuries（受伤） were common as riders attempted a final burst(爆发，突发，爆炸) of speed（速度） . Controlling the machine was difficult, as the only way to change direction（方向） was to pull up the front of the "celeriferé" and turn（掉转） it round while the front wheel was spinning（自旋） in the air. "Celeriferés" were not popular for long,however,as the of no springs(弹簧), no steering and rough roads(起伏路) made riding them very uncomfortable. Even so,the wooden celeriferé was the origin（始祖） of the modem bicycle.

*第十篇 Working Mothers

Carefully conducted(v.实施，实行) researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems, compared with children whose mothers stayed at home. My personal view（观点） is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish. Whether we like it or not, there are a number（很多） of mothers who just have to work. There are those who have invested(投资) such a big part of their lives in establishing(建立) a career that they cannot afford（负担） to see it lost. Then there are many who must work out of pure economic(经济上的) necessity（有必要） . Many mothers are not cut （适合于） out to be full-time parents. After a few months at home with a much loved infant(婴儿，幼儿), they feel trapped(v.使陷入困境，使受限制) and isolated(使隔离，使孤立).

There are a number of options(选项，选择) when it comes（涉及） to choosing childcare. These range from child minders(照顾者) and nannies(保姆) through to(直到) Granny(奶奶) or the kind(好心的) lady across（对面） the street. In reality（在现实状况下）, however,many parents don't have any choice; they have to accept anything they can get. Be prepared! No matter （无论） how good the childcare may be,some children are going to protest(抗议) wildly(激烈的) if they are left. This is a perfectly（完全） normal stage of child development. Babies separate well in the first six months,but soon after that they start to get a crush(依恋, 压烂) on Mum and close family members（成员） . Make sure that in the first week you allow plenty of（大量） time to help your child settle in(安顿下来).

All children are different. Some are independent, while others are more to their mothers. Remember that if you want to do（做） the best for your children, it's not the quantity(数量) of time you spend with them，it's the quality（质量） that matters.

+第十一篇 School Lunch

Research has shown that over half the children in Britain who take their own lunches to school do not eat properly（正常地） in the middle of the day. In Britain schools have to provide（提供） meals at lunchtime.

Children can to bring their own food or have lunch at the school canteen(食堂，小卖部).

One shocking finding（发现） of this research is that school meals are much healthier than lunches prepared by parents. There are strict for the preparation of school meals, which have to include one portion（比例） of fruit and one of vegetables, as well as meat, a dairy(乳制品的) item and starchy((食物)含有大量淀粉的) food like bread or pasta(意大利面食). Lunchboxes by researchers contained sweet drinks, crisps(炸马铃薯片) and chocolate bars. Children consume（摄取） twice as much sugar(糖) as they should at lunchtime.

The research will provide a better understanding （解释） of why the percentage of overweight students in Britain has in the last decade. Unfortunately, the government cannot parents, but it can remind them of the nutritional（营养的） value of milk, fruit and vegetables. Small changes in their children's diet can their future health. Children can easily develop bad eating 惯） at this age, and parents are the only ones who can prevent（阻止） it.

+第十二篇 A Powerful Influence 根本) that the Internet has made a huge difference to our lives. Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the Internet, hardly ever（几乎不） doing anything else in their spare time. Naturally, parents are curious（对…好奇） to find out why the Internet is so attractive, and they want to know if it can be harmful（伤害） to their children. Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time staring at （盯着看成） their computers?

Obviously, if children are bent over their computers for hours, absorbed（沉迷） in some game, instead of doing their homework, then something is wrong. Parents and children could decide how much use the child should make（利用） of the Internet, and the child should give his or her word（诺言） that it won’t interfere(妨碍) with homework. If the child is not holding（坚持） to this arrangement(安排), the parent can take more drastic(严厉的，极端的) steps（采取措施） dealing with a child's use of the Internet is not much different from 就(某物)讨价还价) behaviour.

Any parent who is seriously（严重） alarmed about a child's behaviour should make an appointment(约定) to discuss（讨论） the matter with a teacher. Spending time in front of the screen does not necessarily（必定） affect a child's performance at school. Even if a child is absolutely（完全地） crazy about using the Internet，he or she is probably just going（度过） through a phase(阶段，时期), and in a few months there will be something else to worry about!

+第十三篇 The Old Gate

In the Middle Ages the vast majority of European cities had walls around them. This was partly for defensive reasons(原因) but another factor was the need to keep out anyone regarded as undesirable, like people with contagious(传染性的，会蔓延的) The Old City of London gates were all demolished(拆毁) by the end of the 18th century. The last of London's gates was removed a century ago, but by a of luck, it was never destroyed.

This gate is, in actual(实际的) fact, not called a gate at all; its name is Temple Bar, and it marked the between the Old City of London and Westminster. In 1878 the Council of London took the Bar down, numbered the stones and put the gate in storage(存储) because its design was unfashionable(老套) it was expensive to maintain(维修) and it was blocking the traffic.

The Temple Bar Trust was set out(建立) in the 1970's with the intention of returning the gate home. The aim of the Trust is the of the nation's architectural heritage.Transporting the gate will mean physically pulling it down(推倒) , stone by stone, removing and rebuilding it near St Paul's Cathedral(总教堂, 大教堂). Most of the facade of the gate will probably be replaced(替换) , though there is a good chance(机会)_ that the basic structure will be sound. The hardest job(工作) of all, however, will be to recreate the statues(雕像) of the monarchs(君主) that once stood on top of the gate.

+第十四篇 Family History家族史

In an age when technology is developing faster than ever before, many people are being attracted（吸引） to the idea of looking back into the past. One way they can do this is by investigating(调查，研究) their own family history. They can try to find（找出） out more about where their families came from and what they did, This is now a fast-growing hobby, especially in countries with a fairly（相当） short history, like Australia and the United States.

It is one（一方面） thing to spend some time going（探究） through a book on family history and to take the decision（决心） to investigate your own family's past. It is quite（的确） another to carry out(完成) the 开始做(某事)) it in a disorganized(扰乱,瓦解) way and （引起） yourself many problems which could have been avoided（避免） with a little forward planning.

If your own family stories tell you that you are with a famous character, whether hero or criminal(罪犯), do not let this idea take over(接管) your research. Just treat（当作） it as an interesting possibility(可能的事). A simple system collecting and storing your information will be adequate(充足的，适当的) to start with; a more complex(错综复杂的) one may only get in your way（道路）. The most important thing, though, is to started. Who knows what you find ?

+第十五篇 Helen and Martin With a thoughtful sigh(长叹一声), Helen turned away from the window and walked back to her favourite armchair(扶手椅). her brother never arrive? For a brief moment, she wondered if she really cared that much.

Over the years Helen had given _ waiting for Martin to take an interest in her. Her feelings for him had gradually weakened(变淡)_ until now, as she sat waiting for him, she experienced no more than a sister's. Almost without warning(预兆) , Martin had lost his job with a busy publishing company after spending the last eight years in New York as a key figure in the US office. Somehow the two of them hadn't 扰) to keep in touch and, left alone, Helen had slowly found her confidence(对…有信心) in her own judgment growing. her course and now, to the astonishment(惊讶;令人惊讶的事物) of the whole family, she was gaining(获得) a fast-growing reputation(名声，名誉;声望) in the pages of respected art magazines and was actually earning enough to live on(靠) from her paintings.

Of course, she no pleasure in Martin's sudden misfortune(不幸;灾祸，灾难), but she couldn't help(忍不住) looking forward to her brother's arrival with quiet(暗暗地) satisfaction(满意，满足) at what she had achieved.

第一篇 A Health Profile

A health profile is a portrait of all of the factors that influence your health．To draw your health profile，you will need to know what diseases run in your family, what health hazards you may be exposed to at work，how your daily compares to the recommended standards，how much time per week you exercising and what type of exercise you engage in ，how stressful your work and family environments are，what kinds of illnesses you get regularly, and not you have any one of a number of addictions.To complete this portrait，your should have a checkup to determine how your blood， heart，and lungs are functioning．，to which you can then compare later tests． Once this profile is thoroughly drawn，you can begin to think about setting health

priorities based your particular portrait．For example，if you drink two martinisevery evening，have a high-stress job，are overweight，smoke a pack of cigarettes a day,and use marijuana occasionally on weekends，you should quit smoking first，，reducing the stress of your job，giving up your marihuana habit，and then finally giving some thought to those martinis if you want to prevent first cancer, and then heart disease．Even for the youthful working person who has never been sick a day in his life，who is in excellent health，a good look at all health habits and at work and home environments may suggest ．

第二篇 Making yourself a good record

If you are an American and you think you might need to borrow money someday， the best thing to do is start early.

That’s because just as many employers want to hire only people with experience, banks and other creditors are usually reluctant to lend to those without a proven track record of paying back, on time, the money they have borrowed.

But if you need experience just to get a start, how do you get that start in the first place?

With a little help from your parents usually, while you are still financially dependent on them. It is easy to get a credit card or student loan when you are in college, because banks figure your parents will bail you out if you fail to pay.

So just as students take on internships to build up their resumes, one’s university time can be a good time Credit reports are a summary of one’s personal credit history, gathered by a credit reporting agency, or CRA.

Banks, and companies - including hospitals, landlords and insurance companies – regularly report to the Anyone with a ―legitimate business need‖ has the right to order individuals’ reports from the CRAs. Potential creditors usually compile the information in the reports into a credit ―score‖, ranking the level of creditworthiness. Lack of experience in borrowing in addition to a bad record of doing so, can result in a low