高中英语外研版教材必修四内容

高中英语外研版教材必修四内容(一)
外研社高中教材必修4教材原文

Module 1 Life in the Future

Task: Describing your ideal house for the future

INTRODUCTION Vocabulary and speaking

1. Look at the photograph and answer the questions.

1. What is it?

2. Where do you think it is?

3. Would you like to live in it?

2. Choose the building material to complete the sentences.

1. _________is a very light mental.

2 __________is a very strong mental.

3.both ______and ______come from trees.

4.__________is light ,strong, very popular, and man-made.

5.__________are often used to build walls.

6.__________is very strong and is used in many modern buildings.

7.__________is wet earth.

8. __________is a natural hard material.

9.___________is used to make windows.

3. Work in pairs. Discuss what materials your school is made of /from?

Now guess what materials the building in the photo is made of /from?

READING AND VOCABULARY

1. Look at the title of the passage. Tick the topics you think it will mention.

Alternative energy crime schools public services shopping

Environment traffic weather entertainment

Now add the topics to the list.

2 Read the passage and check your ideas.

The City of the Future

What will the city of the future look like? No one knows for sure, and making predictions is

a risky business. But one thing is certain--they are going to get bigger before they get smaller. In

the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth's natural resources run

out. We will use lots of recycled materials, such as plastic, aluminum, steel, glass, wood and paper,

and we will waste fewer natural resources. We will also have to rely more on alternative energy,

such as solar and wind power. All this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life

in the future which are not certain.

To find out what young people think about the future of urban life, a teacher at a university in

Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50,000 people

in the year 2025.Here are some of the ideas they had:

Garbage ships To get rid of garbage problems the city will load huge spaceships with waste

materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environmental problems.

Batman Nets Police will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns.

Forget smoking No smoking will be allowed within a future city's limits. Smoking will be

possible only outside cities, and outdoors.

Forget the malls In the future all shopping be done online, and catalogues will have voice

commands to place orders.

Telephones for life Everyone will be given telephone number at birth that will never change no

matter where they live.

Recreation All forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will【高中英语外研版教材必修四内容】

be provided free of charge by the city.

Cars All cars will be powered by electricity, solar energy or wind, and it will be possible to

change the colour of cars at the flick of a switch.

Telesurgery Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from

thousands of miles away, with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic.

Holidays at home Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the

world using high-tech cameras attached to their head.

Space travel Travelling in space by ordinary citizens will be common. Each city will have its own

spaceport.

3. Match the words and phrases from the text with their meanings.

1. a problem which prevents you from doing something _________

2. not in a building _________

3. from the sun _________

4. free time activities, such as sport and entertainment _________

5. you can use this to catch a lot of fish at the same time _________

6. through the internet _________

7. A place where you can get medical treatment _________

8. to do with town or city life _________

9. a shopping center _________

10.to use up or finish completely _________

11. medical treatment in which the doctor cuts open your body _________

4. Match the words and phrases in the box A with those in the box B.

A

Now check with the passage.

5.Find the words and phrases in the text which mean these things.

1. not a wise thing to do 2. someone who needs medical treatment but doesn’t need to stay in hospital _____________

3. remove _____________

4. old people _____________

5. you don’t have to pay for something _____________

6. a hole in the ground filled with garbage that can’t be recycled _____________

6. Work in pairs. Ask and answer these questions about the passage.

1. What have students in a Texas university done?

2. Where will the garbage ships go?

3. Who will batman nets catch?

4. Where won’t people be allowed to smoke?

5. How will people go shopping?

6. What number will people keep for life?

7. What won’t people have to pay for?

8. How will cars be different?

9. What will doctors do from a distance?

10. Where will old people go without moving?

7. Discuss these questions in pairs.

Which prediction…

1. is the strangest?

2. is the most useful?

3. will come true first?

4. will come true last?

Now share your ideas with the rest of the class.

FUNCTION Talking about the future

1. Read the extract from The City of the Future and answer the questions.

No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. But one thing is certain--- 1. Which sentence talks about a certain future?

2. Which sentence talks about a prediction?

2. Match the sentences A—F with the meanings 1—6.

3. Underline the most appropriate form from the verb.

1. No one knows what the world will be like/is going to be like in the future.

2. what are you doing/are you going to do when you leave school?

3. what time will the plane arrive/will the plane arrive?

4. Look out! We are having/’re going to have an accident!

5. I can’t go out tonight, my cousin comes is coming for dinner.

6. I’ll ring /’m ringing you if I arrive early.

7. My brother has decided. He’ll study/’s going to study urban planning.

8. I think I go /’ll go home now.

4. Work in pairs. Discuss your choices in activity 3. Look at the meanings listed in activity 2 to help you.

5. Write another prediction for the city of the future.

LISTENING AND SPEAKING

1. Describe your home to your partner. Talk about these things.

Size and number of the rooms furniture technology

2 Listen to an architect talking about the home of the future and answer the questions.

1. He describes what houses will look like in _________years’ time.

(a) twenty (b) thirty (c) forty

2. He thinks houses in the future will be different_____________.

(a) outside (b) inside (c) outside and inside

3. Houses will have________which move.

(a) floors (b) ceilings (c) walls

4. The most important room will be the ________.【高中英语外研版教材必修四内容】

(a) bathroom (b) kitchen (c) living room

5. The _______will be bigger.

(a) bathroom (b) dining room (c) toilet

6. The house will be controlled by a __________.

(a) computer (b) robot (c) telescreen

7. If machines are “smart”, they are __________.

(a) clean (b) invisible (c) clever

8. The architect is __________optimistic about the effect of the house on the environment. (a) not at all (b) not very (c) very

3 Work in pairs and check your answers to activity 2.Now listen again.

4. Work in pairs. Try to remember what the archtecy says about:

1. what could happen to the dining room and the living room

2. how to switch on the light

3. what the toilet will be able to

4. what the dishwasher will be able to

5. Say which things you think will happen, and which won’t happen.

Example: I think bathrooms will get bigger. I don’t think toilets will move!

6. Work in groups. Imagine your house of the future. Think about these things.

How big will it be?

What will it be made of/from?

Which rooms will be most important?

What new technology will it have?

How environment-friendly will it be

7. Describe the house to the rest of the class.

高中英语外研版教材必修四内容(二)
外研版高中必修四英语全部单词

n. 砖 2. concrete n. 混凝土 3. mud n. 泥 4. alternative adj. 替换的；供选择的 5. crime n. 罪；罪行

6. for sure 7. prediction 8. risky 9. resource 10. run out 11. material 12. rely 13. rely on 14. solar 15. urban 16. get rid of 17. load 18. landfill 19. arrest 20. criminal 21. fire 22. limit 23. outdoors 24. online 25. catalogue 26. command 27. recreation 28. bowling 29. softball 30. charge 31. free of charge 32. power 33. flick 34. switch

肯定地 n. 预测

adj. 危险的；冒险的 n.（常作复数）资源

（某物）用完；不多了；没有了 n. 材料

vi. 依赖；依靠 依靠 adj. 太阳的 adj. 都市的；城市的 除掉；处理掉 vt. 装；装载 n. 垃圾填埋地

vt. 逮捕；拘留 n. 罪犯；犯人 vt. 开火；启动 n. （常作复数）范围 adv. 户外 adv. 联机地 n. 目录 n. 命令；指令 n. 娱乐；消遣 n. 保龄球游戏

n. 垒球（运动） n. 费用；价钱 免费 vt. 供给动力

n. 轻打；轻弹 n. 开关vi. 交换；调换

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35. surgery n. 外科手术 36. telesurgery n. 远距离手术 37. outpatient n. 门诊病人 38. clinic n. 诊所 39. disability n. 失去能力；伤残 40. attach vt. 系；贴；连接 41. spaceport n. 宇航基地

42. use up 用完 43. look out 小心；当心 44. optimistic adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的 45. dishwasher n. 洗碟机 46. definitely adv. 无疑地；确定地 47. eventually adv. 最后；终于 48. for a start 首先

49. on the way out 即将被淘汰；即将过时 50. colony n. 殖民地 51. predict vt. 预言；预料

52. shape vi. 造成……形状 53. pad n. （动物的）脚 54. doormat n. 门前擦鞋垫

n. 电车 2. be connected to 与……相连 3. wire n. 电线 4. suburban adj. 郊区的；市郊的 5. be / get stuck in 被困在…… 6. in no time 马上；一会儿 7. display vt. 展示；陈列 8. cab n. 出租汽车；计程车 9. permit n. 执照；许可证 10. receipt n. 收据

11. get around 到处旅行；四处走动 12. fare n. 车费

13. air-conditioned adj. 带空调的 14. limit vt. 限制 15. destination n. 目的地；终点

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16. impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的 17. route n. 路线

18. double-decker n. 双层公共汽车 19. provide vt. 提供 20. under construction 正在建设之中 21. convenient adj. 方便的

22. pedal vt. & vi. 骑车；踩……的踏板 23. tricycle n. 三轮脚踏车 24. single n. 单程票 25. return n. 往返票 26. explore vt. 探索

27. roadwork n. （常作复数）道路施工 28. switch off 关上（点灯、电视等）；断掉（电源）29. keep cool 保持冷静

30. blow vt. 吹响（乐器、号角等） 31. horn n. 喇叭；号角 32. react vi. 反应 33. solution n. 解答；答案 34. mood n. 心情；心境

35. no way （俚语）肯定不；没门儿 36. congestion n. 拥塞；堆积

37. registration n. 执照；登记

n. 交流；沟通

2. communicate vi. （用语言、信号）传递信息；交流 3. unconscious adj. 无意的；不知不觉的 4. vary vi. 变化 5. on guard （保持）警惕 6. formal adj. 正式的

7. aggressive adj. 攻击的；挑斗的；挑衅的 8. traditionally adv. 传统地 9. weapon n. 武器 10. gesture n. 姿势；姿态

11. threatening adj. 恐吓的；具有威胁的 12. deal n. 协议；交易

13. make a deal 达成协议；做成交易

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14. involve vt. 包括

15. slightly adv. 轻微地；稍微 16. Muslim n. （常作复数）穆斯林

17. salaam n. （穆斯林的）额手礼（用右手抚额鞠躬的礼节） 18. forehead n. 前额 19. Hindu n. 印度人 20. bow vi. 鞠躬 21. informal adj. 非正式的 22. youth n. 年轻人 23. hold up 举起

24. palm n. 手掌 (SH4 M3 P22) 25. spread vi. (spread, spread) 张开 (SH4 M3 P22) 26. slap vt. 掌击 (SH4 M3 P22) 27. give away 暴露（自己的情况） (SH4 M3 P22) 28. mind reader n. （自称或被认为）能看透别人心思的人 M3 P22)

29. conscious adj. 意识到的；自觉的 (SH4 M3 P23) 30. ankle n. 脚踝 (SH4 M3 P24) 31. eyebrow n. 眉毛 (SH4 M3 P24) 32. lip n. 嘴唇 (SH4 M3 P24) 33. wrist n. 手腕 (SH4 M3 P24) 34. bend vt. (bent, bent)弯下腰 (SH4 M3 P24) 35. hug vt. 紧抱；拥抱 (SH4 M3 P24) 36. stare vi. 凝视；盯着看 (SH4 M3 P24) 37. wipe vt. 擦；抹；揩 (SH4 M3 P24) 38. lift up 举起 (SH4 M3 P24) 39. up and down 一上一下地 (SH4 M3 P24) 40. religion n. 宗教 (SH4 M3 P25) 41. host n. 主人 (SH4 M3 P25) 42. by accident 偶然地 (SH4 M3 P25) 43. toast n. 祝酒；干杯 (SH4 M3 P25) 44. sip n. 一抿之量；小口喝 (SH4 M3 P25) 45. blank adj. 空白的 (SH4 M3 P26) 46. panic v. 恐慌；惊慌 (SH4 M3 P26) 47. rude adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的 (SH4 M3 P27) 48. say hello to 向……问好 (SH4 M3 P27) 49. switch on 打开（灯、无线电等） (SH4 M3 P27)

(SH4

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50. invitation n. 邀请 51. request n. 请求；要求 52. RSVP （请贴等用语）请答复 53. favour n. 恩惠；善意的行为 54. live adj. 现场的 55. performance n. 表演 56. performer n. 表演者 57. classical adj. 古典的；古代的 58. applause n. 掌声 59. judegement n. 判断；意见 60. prolong vt. 延长 61. equality n. 平等 62. handclap n. 拍手 63. social adj. 社会的 64. infectious adj. 有感染性的 65. funeral n. 葬礼 n. 生物化学 2. biology n. 生物学 3. botany n. 植物学 4. genetics n. 遗传学 5. zoology n. 动物学 6. staple adj. 主要的；重要的 7. producer n. 生产者 8. leading adj. 主要的 9. figure n. 人物 10. bring up 培养；养育 11. educate vt. 教育 12. nickname n. 绰号 13. agriculture n. 农业 14. breeding n. 培育 15. species n. （动物或植物的）种 16. yield n. 产量 17. original adj. 原来的；最初的 18. publish vt. 出版 19. sterile adj. （指生物）不孕育的；不结果实的

(SH4 M3 P28) (SH4 M3 P28) (SH4 M3 P28) (SH4 M3 P28) (SH4 M3 P29) (SH4 M3 P29) (SH4 M3 P29) (SH4 M3 P29) (SH4 M3 P29) (SH4 M3 P29) (SH4 M3 P29) (SH4 M3 P29) (SH4 M3 P29) (SH4 M3 P29) (SH4 M3 P29) (SH4 M3 P29)

(SH4 M4 P31) (SH4 M4 P31) (SH4 M4 P31) (SH4 M4 P31) (SH4 M4 P31)(SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32) (SH4 M4 P32)

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高中英语外研版教材必修四内容(三)
外研版高一英语必修4各单元知识点归纳

外研版高一必修4知识点归纳（各单元）

Unit 1 Life in the Future

重点词汇：

alternative; arrest; brick; concrete; criminal; disability; entertainment

重点短语

in the future 将来 care for 照顾；关心 plenty of 大量的 think about考虑 instead of 代替 be able to能够 attach to连接到；附属于 have an accident 发生意外；出事故 for a start开始 on the way out 在路上 a few of一些 be made of由…制成 throw away扔掉；丢弃 for sure确定 place an order 排列顺序

语言点用法过关

1. alternative adj. 替换的，可供选择的（二者中）选择其一的

考点归纳

(1) alternative energy 替代能源 alternative ways 可供选择的方法

(2) have no alternative but to do 除……别无选择

as an alternative 作为一种变通的方法

alternative to ……的替代物

辨析：alternative 强调必须从两或多个中选一个

choice 强调自由选择，不论选择的方式多或少

preference 强调按自己喜欢的方式进行选择

2. run out 用完；耗尽

考点归纳

run after 追求；追赶 run at 冲向；突袭

run away 逃走；逃跑 run into 偶然遇见；撞上；陷入

3. rely on 依赖；依靠

考点归纳

rely on/ upon s./ 依赖/依靠

rely on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事

rely on it that… 相信…… 指望……

辨析

rely on 强调凭借经验判断是否可以相信或依赖，侧重于从人品、感情方面的依赖、信赖。

depend on 强调从这个人或这件事中很可能得到支持或帮助。侧重客观事实，如：能力、财力等。

4. command 命令；指挥

考点归纳

(1)at one’s command 服从某人指挥；听某人吩咐

under one’s command 在某人的指挥下

in command of 指挥；控制【高中英语外研版教材必修四内容】

have a good command of 精通

(2)command oneself 控制自己

command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事

command that…(should) do 命令…..(从句谓语动词用虚拟语气)

5. free of charge 免费

考点归纳

1. free of charge=for free 免费

the charge for sth. 某物的费用

charge sb + money 收取某人多少钱

2. in charge of 负责；掌管

in the charge of 由…..负责，掌管

take charge of 负责；掌管

3. charge sb. with 因……控告某人

charge sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物

6．carry out 实施；执行

carry out a plan 实施计划

carry out a promise 履行诺言

carry out an order 进行调查

7. not all 表部分否定

考点归纳

All …not= Not…all…并非所有……都

Every…not=Not every 并非每一个……都

Both…not=Not…both并非两者都

长难句解析

To get rid of garbage problem, the city will load huge spaceship with materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environment problems.

为了摆脱掉垃圾问题，城市会在大宇宙飞船上装满垃圾，然后把它们朝着太阳发射出去，从而避免了垃圾填埋和环境问题。

解析：To get rid of garbage problems是不定式短语作状语，表示目的； Preventing…是现在分词短语作状语，表示结果。

例：Little kids ran in front of me, forcing my father to stop the wheelchair suddenly. 小孩子们跑到我的面前，迫使我父亲突然把轮椅停住。

forcing 在这作状语，表示结果。

语法通关

一般将来时

定义： 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow（明天）， next week（下周）， from

now on（从现在开始）；in the future（将来）等。 一般将来时由助动词shall（第一人称），will（第二、三人称） 动词原形构成。美国英语则不管什么人称，一律用will。

形式： will 常简略为 'll，并与主语连写在一起，如：I'll，she'll,he'll，it'll，we'll，you'll，they'll。 一般疑问句如用will you…？其简略答语须是Yes，I will或 No，I won't；如用 Shall I…？（较少见）其简略答语须是 Yes，I shall．或 No， I shan't．

结构:

1. will / shall + 动词原形（否定句在will/shall后加not）

2、be going to+动词原形

用法：

（1）一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。

（2）在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。例如：

（3）在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中，一般使用助动词shall，这时或是征求对方的意见，或是询问一个情况

（4）be going to+ 动词原形

Will do与be going to do 的区别: be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别：

1. be going to 表示近期、将要发生的事情，will 表示的将来的时间则较远一些，

2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。

3. be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，

4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：

If any beasts come at you, I'll stay with you and help you

注意

be going to和will在含义和用法上稍有不同。be going to往往表示事先经过考虑的打算；will多表示意愿，决心。两者有时不能互换。如：

She is studying hard and is going to try for the exams.她正努力学习并尝试参加考试。（is going to不能用will替换）

主将从现；

时间状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时。

Uint 2 Traffic Jam

重点词汇

destination; fare; permit; receipt; return; rout

重点短语

in no time立即；马上 make sure确定 get around随便走走；传播；绕开 be limited to有限 have a good view of有一个好的视角 get a seat得到座位

under construction在修建中 one-way trip单向旅行 rush hour高峰期 traffic jam 交通堵塞get stuck被困住 seem to看起来像 switch off关掉 turn on打开 be famous for因…而出名 a list of一列；一份 what’s more更糟糕的是 be connected to和…有联系

长难句解析

1. it’s a good idea to avoid public transport during the rush hour(6:30am-8:00am and 5:00pm-6:30pm).

在高峰期（早上6:30到8:00和下午5:00到6:30）间减少交通车辆是个好主意。 It’s a good idea to do sth. ……是个好主意。to后跟动词原型

2. However, there is also a night bus service, provided by buses with a number in the 200s.

但是，那也有夜班车服务，是由公交公司提供的，编号在200到300之间。 过去分词短语作后置定语

3. Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys of old BeiJing.

如果你想看看北京的胡同，三轮车值得一用。

be worth doing sth. 值得干某事

语法通关

建议类句型

1. You should + V. 你应该……

否定形式： You shouldn’t…

2. Make sure you + V. 保证……

3. It’s a good idea to ……是个好主意

4. would you like/ love (to do) sth.

这是一个很委婉的表示建议的句型,并带有与对方商量的意味,意为“你想要(做)„„吗?

5. Shall I / we do sth.? 此句型是用来提建议或征求对方意见的,意为“我(们)做„„好吗?”,语气委婉,商量的语气较浓

6. Why not do sth.? 该句型是Why don’t you / we do sth.?的省略式,表示向对方提出一种建议或询问某种原因,暗含有责备对方的意思,意为“为什么不„„?”。 Unit 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication 重点词汇

point; shake; aggressive; gesture; formal; informal; position; trust; unconscious; 重点短语

shake hands握手 in the distance在远处 body language肢体语言 on guard警戒;提防 make a deal达成交易 hold up举起 give away泄露；失去 show sb. the way 给某人指路 shake one’s head摇头 take a sip小喝一口

长难句解析

1. we see examples of unconscious body language very often, yet there is also “learned” body language, which various from culture to culture.

我们经常看到一些无意识的肢体语言，还有一些习得的肢体语言，这些因文化的不同而不同。

逗号后边由which引导的非限制性定语从句，指代前边的句子成分。句中的yet用作并列连词，连接前后两个句子。

2. Why do we clap? To show we like something, of course.

我们为什么要鼓掌？当然是为了表明我们喜欢某事物。

本句使用了一个省略回答，补充完整为：We clap to show we like something, of course.这常为一个命题点，有时不仅仅局限在不定式上，有可能还会有其他的动词形式，但是解题方法基本相同，即用还原法把它补充完整。

3. Mr. and Mrs. Harry Blunkett request the pleasure of your company at the wedding

高中英语外研版教材必修四内容(四)
外研版高中英语必修四课文文本

Module 1 Reading

The City of the Future

What will the city of the future look like? No one knows

for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. But one

thing is certain—they are going to get bigger before they get

smaller. In the future, care for the environment will become

very important as earth's natural resources run out. We will

use lots of recycled materials, such as plastic, aluminium, steel, glass, wood and paper, and we will waste fewer natural resources. We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power. All this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life in the future which are not certain.

To find out what young people think about the future of urban life, a teacher at a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50,000 people in the year 2025. Here are some of the ideas

they had:

Garbage ships To get rid of garbage problems, the city will

load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards

the sun, preventing landfill and environmental problems.

Batman Nets Police will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns.

Forget smoking No smoking will be allowed within a future city's limits. Smoking will be possible only outside cities, and outdoors.

Forget the malls In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice commands

to place orders.

Telephones for life Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.

Recreation All forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city.

Cars All cars will be powered by electricity, solar energy or wind, and it will be possible to change the colour of cars at the flick of a switch.

Telesurgery Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic.

Holidays at home Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their head.

Space travel Travelling in space by ordinary citizens will be common. Each city will have its own spaceport.

Cultural Corner

Famous Last Words

Not all predictions come true. Many of them are wrong, and some are very wrong. Here are just a few of the bad predictions people made in the twentieth century about the twenty-first century:

AIRPLANES

"No flying machine will ever fly from New York to Paris."

Orville Wright, 1908.

COMPUTERS

"I think there is a world market for maybe five computers."

Thomas Waston, chairman of IBM, 1943.

CLOTHES

"Thirty years from now people will be wearing clothes made of paper which they will be able to throw away after wearing them two or three times."

Changing Times Magazine, 1957.

MEN ON THE MOON

"With the first moon colonies predicted for the 1970's, work is now in progress on the types of building required for men to stay in when they're on the moon."

Arnold B. Barach in The Changes to Come, 1962.

THE BEATLES

"We don't like their sound, and guitar music is on the way out."

Decca Recording Co. rejecting the Beatles, 1962.

ROBOTS IN THE HOUSE

"By the year 2000, housewives will probably have a robot shaped like a box with one large eye on the top, several arms and hands, and long narrow pads on the side for moving about."

New York Times, 1966.

KEYS

"By the mid-1980's no one will ever need to hide a key

under the doormat again, because there won't be any

keys."

Computer scientist Christopher Evans, The Micro Millennium, 1979.

Module 2 Reading

Getting Around in Beijing

Taxis

Taxis are on the streets 24 hours a day. Simply raise your

hand, and a taxi appears in no time. They are usually red, and

they display the price per kilometre on the window. You

should check the cab has a business permit, and make sure

you ask for a receipt.

Buses and trolleybuses

Public transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing. There are 20,000 buses and trolleybuses in Beijing, but they can get very crowded. It's a good idea to avoid public transport during the rush hour (6:30 a.m.–8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.–6:30 p.m.). Fares are cheap, starting at 1 yuan. Air-conditioned buses cost more.

Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city centre. Higher numbers have destinations in the suburbs. Tourists shouldn't miss the 103 bus which offers one of the most impressive routes, past the Forbidden City and the White Pagoda in Beihai Park. If you get on a double-decker bus, make sure you sit upstairs. You'll have a good view of the rapidly changing city.

Most buses run from about 5:00 a.m. to midnight. However, there is also a night bus service, provided by buses with a number in the 200s.

Minibuses

Minibuses with seats for 12 passengers offer an alternative to expensive taxis and crowded public transport in some areas. They run regular services and follow the same

routes as large public buses. And in a minibus you always get a seat even in rush hours.

Underground

There are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are under construction. Trains are fast and convenient, but rush hours can be terrible. A one-way trip costs 3 yuan. Station names are marked in pinyin. The underground is open from 5:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m.

Pedicabs

Tourists like these human-pedalled "tricycle taxis", but they can be expensive. You should talk to the driver, and make sure you know the price before you begin the journey, for example, if it is per person, single or return. Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing.

Cultural Corner

The London Congestion Charge

Beijing isn't the only city with traffic problems. You can get stuck in a traffic jam anywhere in the world. The worst problems occur in cities which are growing fast, such as Sao Paolo in Brazil and Lagos in Nigeria. But even cities in developed countries such as the US suffer. Los Angeles, which was built with the motor car in mind, and is famous for its six-lane highways, is now the

USA's most congested city.

In Europe most capital cities were planned and built

before cars, and city centre traffic jams have been part of

daily life for a long time. The situation in central London,

where drivers spent fifty percent of their time in queues, became so bad that the local government decided to do something about it. In February 2003 the Mayor of London, Ken Livingstone, introduced a "congestion charge"—a tax for cars entering the centre of the city.

高中英语外研版教材必修四内容(五)
高中英语必修4课文逐句翻译(外研版)

1.必修四Module1 The City of the Future未来城市

What will the city of the future look like? 未来的城市会是什么样子呢？ No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. 没有人确切的了解，预测也是一件很危险的事情。But one thing is certain---they are going to get bigger

before they get smaller. 但是有一件事情是可以肯定的---他们将会先变大，然后再变小。 In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth's natural resources run out. 在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球的资源将濒临枯竭。We will use lots of recycled materials, such as plastic, aluminum, steel, glass, wood and paper, and we will waste fewer natural resources. 我们将会使用大量的可回收材料，例如，塑料、铝、钢铁、玻璃、木头和纸。我们浪费自然资源的程度将会有所减弱。We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power. 我们也将不得不更多地依赖其他能源。例如，太阳能和风能。 All this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life in the future which are not certain. 所有的这些似乎是肯定的，但是还有许多关于城市生活的事情仍是未知的。

To find out what young people think about the future of urban life, a teacher at a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50,000 people in the year 2025. 为了获知年轻人对未来城市生活的想法，美国得克萨斯州的一位大学老师让他的学生思考如何管理一个在2025 年拥有5万人口的城市， Here are some of the ideas they had:下面是他们的一些构想: Garbage ships To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environmental problems. 垃圾船:为了摆脱垃圾问题的困扰，城市将会用巨型宇宙飞船装载废弃材料，朝太阳射，这样做防止了垃圾填埋和环境间题。

Batman Nets：Police will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns. 勤务兵网:警察逮捕罪犯时，将会向罪犯射出网状物而不是用枪。

Forget smoking：No smoking will be allowed 'within a future city's limits. Smoking will be possible only outside cities, and outdoors. 戒烟:在未来城市范围内将禁止吸烟。只有在郊区和户外才允许吸烟。

Forget the malls：In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders. 告别商厦:将来所有的购物将会在网上进行，商品目录将会有语音指令来排序。

Telephones for life：Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change 'no matter where they live. 电话人生:每个人一出生就会给予一个电话号码，将来无论他们居住在哪儿，这个电话号码都不会更改。

Recreation：All forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city. 娱乐:所有的娱乐形式，例如，电影院、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他等等都将由该市政府免费提供。

Cars：All cars will be powered by electricity, solar energy or wind, and it will be possible to change the color of cars at the flick of a switch. 汽车:所有的汽车部将由电能、太阳能或风能提供动力，并且只要轻轻按一下开关就能够改变汽车的颜色。 Tele-surgery：Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own tele-surgery outpatient clinic. 远程手术:随着每个城市拥有自己的远程手术门诊部，医生将能在数千里以外实施手术，远程手术将会变得十分普通。

Holidays at home：Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their head. 居家度假:年长的市民和残疾人通过使用绑在头上的高新技术相机可以周游世界。

Space travel：Travelling in space by ordinary citizens will be common. Each city will have its own spaceport.太空邀游:普通市民邀游太空将会变得很平常，每个城市都将有自己的太空港。

2.必修四Module 2 Getting Around in Beijing行在北京

Taxis出租车

Taxis are on the streets 24 hours a day. 北京大街上的出租车是24小时服务的。Simply raise your hand. and a taxi appears in no time. 只要你招招手，立刻就会有出租车。They are usually red, and they display the price per kilometer on the window.

它们通常都是红色车身，并且在车窗上显示每公里的路价。You should check the cab has a business permit, and make sure you ask for a receipt. 你要做的，就是确认司机有营运照，并且索要发票。

Buses and trolleybuses公交车和电车

Public transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing. 公共交通为人们游览北京提供了低价位的出行方式。There are 20,000 buses and trolleybuses in

Beijing, but they can get very crowded. 北京大约有两万多辆公交车和电车，但是，它们有时会很拥挤。It's a good idea to avoid public transport during the rush

hour(6:30 am and 8:00 am and 5:00 pm and 6:30 pm). 最明智的做法是避免在高峰期(上午6:00一8:00，下午5:00一6:30)乘坐公交车和电车。 Fares are cheap, starting at 1 yuan. 这些车车票价格便宜，一元起价。Air-conditioned buses cost more. 空调车则要贵一些。

Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city centre. 公交线1到100路部是仅限于市中心内的， Higher numbers have destinations in the suburbs. 车号更高一些的线路，可以通达郊区。Tourists shouldn't miss the 103 bus which offers one of the most impressive routes, past the Forbidden City and the White Pagoda in Beihai Park. 对于游人来说，最不该错过的是103路电车，它途经紫禁城和北海白塔，沿途风景令人印象深刻。If you get on a double-decker bus, make sure you sit upstairs. 如果你乘坐双层公共汽车，请务必坐在上层，You'll have a good view of the rapidly changing city. 这样你会一览这个飞速发展城市的亮丽风景。

Most buses run from about 5:00 am to midnight. However, there is also a night bus service, provided by buses with a number in the 200s.

Minibuses小公共汽车

Minibuses with seats for12 passengers offer an alternative to expensive taxis and

crowded public transport in some areas. 在一些地区，这种12个座位的小型公共汽车给人们在昂贵的出租车和拥挤的公共汽车外，提供了第三种选择。They run regular services and follow the same routes as large public buses. 它们跟大公共汽车走同样的路线，提供有规律的服务。And in a minibus you always get a seat even in rush hours. 在小公共汽车上，即使在高峰期也能找到空位。

Underground地铁

There are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are under construction. 北京有四条地铁线，还有几条线也正在建设之中。Trains are fast and convenient, but rush hours can be terrible. 地铁方便快捷，但在高峰期，情况会很糟糕。A one-way trip costs 3 yuan. 地铁票价单程为三元，Station names are marked in pinyin. 站名拼音标注，The underground is open from 5:00 am to 11:00 pm. 运营时间为上午5点到晚上11点。

Pedi cabs三轮脚踏车

Tourists like these human-pedaled "tricycle taxis", but they can be expensive. 游客们喜欢这些人力驱动的"三轮脚踏车"，但价格可能会较贵。You should talk to the driver, and make sure you know the price before you begin the journey, for example, if it is per person, single or return. 因此坐之前要先弄清楚价格，明确价钱是否按人数计算、是单程还是往返双程的问题。 Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing.如果想去老北京的胡同探秘，三轮脚踏车绝对是值得一坐的。

3.必修四Module 3 Body language身势语

If you say the word "communication", most people think of words and sentences. Although these are very important, we communicate with more than just spoken and written words. Indeed, body positions are part of what we call "body language".说起"交流"，大多数人会想到单词或句子，虽然单词与句子十分重要，但我们并不只是用口语和书面语进行交流，身体的姿态是我们所称的"身势语"的一部分。We see examples of unconscious body language very often, yet there is also "learned" body language, which varies from culture to culture. 我们经常看到无意识的身势语，但也有“习得”的身势语。习得的身势语在不同的文化中各不相同。

We use "learned" body language when we are introduced to strangers. 当我们被介绍给生人时，我们使用 "习得的"身势语。 Like other animals, we are on guard until we know it is safe to relax. 跟动物一样，我们会保持警觉，直至知道安全的时候

才放松。 So every culture has developed a formal way to greet strangers, to show them we are not aggressive. 因此，在所有的文化中人们都有一种向陌生人打招呼的正规的方式，以表示他们并不具有侵犯倾向。 Traditionally, Europeans and Americans shake hands. 欧美人的传统是握手，They do this with the right

hand---the strongest hand for most people. 他们用右手握手---右手对多数人来说更有力一些。 If our right hand is busy greeting someone, it cannot be holding a weapon. 假如右手用于忙着与人打招呼就不可能握武器。 So the gesture is saying, "I trust you. Look, I'm not carrying a threatening weapon." 因此，这种手势的意思是 "我信任你，瞧，我没带威胁性的武器"， If you shake hands with someone, you show you trust them. 假如你和人握手，就是在表明你信任他们。 We shake hands when we make a deal. It means, "We agree and we trust each other." 我们在做交易时与人握手，意思就是 "我们达成了协议，相互信任"

Greetings in Asian countries do not involve touching the other person, but they

always involve the hands. 亚洲人打招呼是不接触他人身体的，但他们要用手。 Traditionally in China, when we greet someone, we put the right hand over the left and bow slightly. 与人打招呼时，中国人的传统方式;右手放在左手上，拱手，稍稍躬身而行礼。Muslims give a "salaam", where they touch their heart, mouth and forehead. 穆斯林行额手鞠躬礼， 用手触左胸、 嘴和额。 Hindus join their hands and bow their heads in respect. 印度，双手交合，恭敬地鞠躬。In all of these examples, the hands are busy with the greeting and cannot hold a weapon. 在上述例子中，手部在忙于打招呼， 不可能拿武器。

Even today, when some people have very informal styles of greeting, they still use their hands as a gesture of trust. 即使是现在，人们在非正式场合打招呼时，还会用手来表示信任对方。 American youths often greet each other with the expression, "Give me five!" 美国青年常常说，"击掌" 来打招呼。One person then holds up his hand, palm outwards and five fingers spread. 说完后这个人举起手，手掌向外，五指展开。 The other person raises his hand and slaps the other's open hand above the head in a "high five".另一个人同样举起手， 拍打对方举过头顶的手。Nowadays, it is quite a common greeting. 这是现代常见的打招呼方式。