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英语主谓一致的学习目标

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英语主谓一致的学习目标(一)
英语专项主谓一致复习教案

Subject-Verb Agreement(主谓一致)

【学习目标】(Studying aim.)

主谓一致 :指的是谓语动词在人称和数上面与主语保持一致。

通过操练、专项练习等方式复习主语单复数的判断方式及掌握主谓

一致的原则,以达到熟练运用的目的。

【教学重点】(Teaching important points )

1. 语法一致.( Grammar consistent)

2.意义上一致。(The meaning consistent)

3.就近原则 ( according to the rules of nearest word)

【教学难点】 (Teaching difficult point)

1.掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。

2.主语单复数的判断。

【教学方法】(Teaching method )

先设疑,后析疑,讲练结合;小组合作,任务型的教学模式。

※ 要点回顾

1.语法一致原则:

◆①My friend ____ (go) shopping with me.

◆②My friends ____ (go) shopping with me.

主语是_____,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是_____,谓语动词用复

数形式。

2.意义一致原则:(谓语动词的数看主语所表达的概念。)

◆①Our class ____(be) small.

◆②Our class ____(be) playing there.

同一名词若有不同的意义,则可能有时是_____ ,有时是_______ .

3.就近原则

◆①There___(be) some milk and some apples in the

fridge .

班级: 小组: 姓名: 日期:

◆②There___(be) some apples and some milk in the

fridge

※【中考聚焦】

◆①He __ (go) the to beaches every summer.

◆②Running ___( be )good for our health.

(1)以单数名词、动词不定式短语和动名词作主语时,谓语动词要

用______;主语为复数时,谓语用_______。

◆A lot of people____(be) dancing outside.

(2) 一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, police, clothes

等作主语时,谓语动词要用______。

◆ Mr. Black and Mrs. Black_____(have) a son called

Tom.

(3)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动

词用 ______。

◆ ____(be) everybody ready?

(4)由something, anything, somebody, everybody 等

复合代词作主语时,谓语动词都用_____。

◆ Where ______( be)my shoes? I can’t find them.

◆ A new pair of socks ___(be) on the bed.

(5)有两部分构成的物体的名词,如glasses, shoes, socks

等作主语时,谓语动词用_______。如果这类名词前用了a pair

of等,则往往用作______,谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于

______ 的单复数形式。

◆ ①Twenty years _____(be) not a long time.

◆ ②999____(be) a large number.

(6)时间、距离、价格、度量衡等名词作主语时看作一个整体,谓语

动词通常用____.

◆① My family ___(be)big one.

◆② My family ____(be) watching TV.

(7)有些集合名词,如family, team等作主语时,如作为一个

整体看待,谓语动词用_____;如指其中每个成员,则用______。

◆① Neither my friends nor I _____ (be) able to

believe what he said.

◆②Here ____(be) some flowers on the desk.

(8)谓语动词的单﹑复数取决于______.如either…or,

neither…nor, not only …but also及由here或 there

等连接引导的句子,谓语动词遵循这一原则。

◆ ① A woman with some children _____ (be) coming

soon.

◆ ② Everyone except Tom ____ (do) the housework on

Sunday.

(9)主语后跟有with,but, except, including等连接的另

一个名词,其谓通常要与_____________保持一致。

当堂训练

※基础题

1. Lucy and Lily___ sisters. They study at the

same school.

A . be B. is C. are

2. Neither she nor I _____ wrong.

A. am B. is C. are

3. Tom with his parents ___ watching TV.

A. is B. are C. am

4. Ten weeks____ passed since the new term

began.

A. has B. have C. is

5. One hundred kilometers _____ a large【英语主谓一致的学习目标】

distance.

A. is B. are C. has

6. I think maths _____ very difficult to

learn.

A. is B. are C. has

7. The old ____ taken good care of in China.

A. are B. is C. was

8. There ____ any milk in the bottle.

A. is B. isn’t C. aren’t

※ 提高题

1. My shirt _____ white and my pants _____

blue.(be)

2 . Our knowledge of computer _____ growing all

the time. (be)

3 . Class Two ____ their lessons when there was

a knock at the door.(take)

4. My family ____ supper at home now. (have)

5. Not only she but also I _______ (do) morning

exercises every day.

6. The police _____ (be) trying to catch the

thief.

7. The number of people _____ fifty at the

meeting, but a number of them ___ absent

for different reasons yesterday.(be)

8. _____ (be) everything OK?

英语主谓一致的学习目标(二)
英语主谓一致的习惯用法

一、集合名词作主语时谓语动词的数

1. The police are on the track of the criminal.

2. The posse are pursuing the murderer.

3. The militia are training on the playground.

4. The cavalry are fighting at the battle front.

5. People know it.

6. Some folk seem to have got the news.

7. The gentry are against the reform.

8. The nobility are those with titles.

9. The laity don’t understand it.

10. Only the elite were there.

11. The clergy were against that plan.

12. The rabble live a poor life.

13. The riff-raff often leave rubbish about.

14. The kindred were present at his funeral.

15. The chorus were very good, weren’t they?

16. The Chinese are hard-working.

17. The Japanese like eating fish.

18. The English are rather conservative.

19. The cattle are grazing in the field.

20. The poultry are in the backyard.

21. The livestock are very important to herdsmen.

22. Clothing is very important to everyone.

23. Where is the cutlery?

24. A lot of machinery has been imported.

25. Poetry is very difficult to write.

26. Stationery is necessary for every student.

27. Jewellery is very expensive.

28. 他的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。

他的家人都喜欢吃蔬菜。

29. 我们班是个大班。

我们班同学很活跃。

30. 球队训练有素。

队员在休息。

31. 委员会处理这样的问题。

委员会成员对先讨论那个问题有分歧。

【英语主谓一致的学习目标】

32. 委员会一个月集合一次。

委员们已经就坐。

33. 董事会即将决定此事。

董事会会员已经离开。

34. 听众多。

听众穿不同的衣服。

35. 该校教职工队伍很好。

该校教职员工在开会。

36. 军队装备精良。

战士仍在战斗。

37. 海军由40艘军舰组成。

海军战士在训练。

38. 敌人被打败了。

敌人在逃窜。

39. 公司有足够资金。

公司员工对成功很激动。

40. 他的公司很小。

42. 政府欢迎这个建议。

政府工作人员正在讨论这个建议。

43. 管理部门还没有通知我们。

管理成员已投票通过决议。

44. 要求公众不在公园里扔垃圾。

公众不准入内。

45. 船员训练有素。

船员已经领了工资。

46. 陪审团由12人组成。

陪审团意见有分歧。

47. 人群很大。

人群在喊叫。

48. 暴徒人数多。

暴徒在砸窗户。

49. 那一伙人由他领头。

那一伙人正在策划抢银行。

二、以复数形式出现的名词作主语时谓语动词的数

glasses眼镜;goggles护目镜;bifocals双光眼镜;双焦镜片;双筒望远镜玻璃;contact lenses隐形眼镜;binoculars双筒望远镜, spectacles眼镜;blinders有色眼镜,马眼罩,护目镜;irons镣铐, fetters镣铐(尤指脚镣);shackles镣铐;手铐;脚镣;bonds镣铐;manacles手铐;脚镣;镣铐;tongs V形夹子;火钳;forceps手术钳;calipers两脚规,测圆器;pliers钳子,老虎钳;tweezers镊子,小钳子;scissors剪刀;snuffers剪蜡烛芯用剪刀;shears大剪刀,剪床;secateurs(主英)修枝剪,整枝剪;dividers两脚规,圆规;compasses圆规;scales天平;rubbers橡胶鞋;slippers拖鞋;boots靴子;shoes鞋子;step-ins船鞋;spats鞋罩;socks短袜;stockings长(统)袜;leggings裹腿, 绑腿;gloves手套;mittens拳击手套,连指手套,独指手套;trousers裤子,长裤;pants〈英〉(紧身的)短裤,〈美〉 裤子;jeans牛仔裤;cords灯芯绒裤;briefs贴身的短内裤;slacks宽松的长裤;便裤;trunks(尤指游泳、拳击时穿的)男用短裤;bells喇叭裤;bloomers齐膝灯笼裤;drawers内裤;shorts短裤;knickers灯笼裤;tights(女士的)紧身裤袜, (舞蹈或杂技演员的)紧身衣,紧身裤;swimming-trunks(男式)游泳裤;stilts高跷;chopsticks筷子,…

1. My glasses are in the box.

There is a pair of glasses on the desk.

2. Your gloves are in the drawer.

There is a pair of gloves in the drawer.

3. His jeans are too tight.

That pair of jeans is too tight.

4. Her scissors are fairly sharp.

This pair of scissors is rather dull.

5. His shoes are under the bed.

That pair of shoes is his.

6. Measles takes a long time to get over.

7. Rickets is a children’s disease.

8. Piles is troublesome.

9. Mumps is very common among children.

10. Rabies is spread only by the bite of an infected animal.

11. Glanders is a contagious disease of horses.

12. Billiards is played by women as well as men.

【英语主谓一致的学习目标】

13. Darts is one of my favorite games.

14. Dominoes is very interesting.

15. Draughts is an easier game than chess国际象棋.【英语主谓一致的学习目标】

16. Bowls is very popular in cities.

17. Marbles is played by a lot of children.

Mathematics; physics; statistics统计学; politics; ethics伦理学,道德学; economics;acoustics声

18. Acoustic is taught in the Department of Architecture. 音响效果,音响设备) of the hall are excellent.

19. Athletics is very popular among people. 竞技项目) include all kinds of sports.【英语主谓一致的学习目标】

20. Economics is taught by Professor Brown. 21. Politics is a compulsory for every student. 阴谋,策略) have nothing to do with us.

22. Statistics is a branch of mathematics. 统计数字,统计资料) show that the population is increasing rapidly.

23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 女王大厦

30. 莎士比亚故事集

31. Alms救济金, 施舍物, breakages破损费,损耗补偿(款额), damages损害赔偿金, dues应缴款,(会费等)费用, earnings 赚得的钱, extras外加费用, funds存款; 现款, gains收益, gainings收入,利益, gratuities赏钱,酬谢金,尤指小费, incidentals杂项, 杂费, means财力, 收入, 资产; 金钱, 财富, pickings不义之财, proceeds(买卖等的)收入,收益, receipts(企业、银行等)收到的款,进款, returns收益, savings储蓄, securities有价证券, stakes(赛马、竞赛等的)赌金,奖金, takings进款,营业所得,收入, valuables贵重物品, wages工资,工钱(尤指付给手工劳动者或非熟练工人的日薪或周薪), winnings奖金,赢得的钱(打赌或赌博赢的),…

32. My dues were five cents a week.

33. After a week’s work, my earnings were $ 10.

34. My funds are a bit low at present.

35. Her means are small.

36. Our returns are not as good as we expected.

37. Has savings are small.

38. The stakes were divided up among the winners.

39. Her valuables were stolen.

40. His wages are high.

41. Our circumstances are rather exceptional.

42. Economics conditions are very bad.

43. That’s how matters stand.

44. The army’s movements were kept secret.

45. Things have gone well.

46. Taps was sounded.熄灯号音,丧葬号音

47. The summons has come.传唤;传票

48. Good news goes on crutches, ill news flies apace.

49. The wages of this is death. (喻)报应

50. The mews is over there.马厩

51. The grounds around his house are beautiful. (建筑物周围的)场地,庭园

52. The surroundings here are pleasant.周围的事物;环境

53. The city authorities are busy dealing with the accident.当局

54. Her ashes were scattered over the sea.骨灰

55. His remains are buried at Mount Vernon.遗体,骨灰

56. His looks are really quite remarkable.相貌

57. Your manners are improving.礼貌

58. George Washington’s morals were excellent.道德;(男女间的)品德,品行

三、名词短语作主语时谓语动词的数

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Many a teacher has come.

8. More than one student has come.

9. One and a half apples is on the plate.

10. A number of people have been injured in the accident.

11. A great variety of flowers were shown.

12. 13. .

14. 15. 16. A/ The majority is / are on her side. (Br.E)

17. A/ The minority supports / support him. (Br.E)

18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 涂有黄油的面包

24. 喊叫声

25. 那个抢劫杀人犯

26. 系主任兼党支部书记

27. 穿了线的针

28. 插了天线的电视机

29. 一匹套了车的马

30.

31.

32. 33. 100 years is a short time in history.

34. A thousand kilometers is a long distance.

35. Three pints of wine isn’t enough to get me drunk.

36. Twenty pounds is a heavy fine for such trivial offence.

37. 38. 39. Eight minus three equals five. 40. five.

41. Four times one is four.

42. Four multiplied by five is/ gives/ equals/ makes twenty.

43. Twenty divided by five is equal to/ equals/ gives/ makes four.

44. Five into twenty goes four.

四、名词化的形容词(the + adj.)作主语时谓语动词的数

The old;the aged;The young;The middle-aged;The weak;The strong;The disabled;The able-bodied身强力壮者;The sick;The deaf;The blind;The dumb;The rich;The poor;The needy穷人;The wise;The brave The living 活人;The dead;The unemployed;The oppressed;The exploited;The downtrodden 受蹂躏者;The privileged 有特权者;The disabled 残疾人;The wise 聪明人;

The new 新事物;The evil 坏事;The unknown 未知的事物;The impossible 不可能的事;

1. The wounded has been carried away.那个伤者

The wounded have been cured.那些伤者

2. The departed is his grandfather.那个死者

The departed are all innocent people.那些死者

3. The accused was found guilty.那个被告

The accused were found guilty.那些被告

4. The bereaved was full of grief for his dead wife.那个死了妻子的人

The bereaved were full of grief for their dead child.那死了孩子的父母

五、某些特殊名词作主语时谓语动词的数

1. The generality of Swedes are blond.大多数

The generality of his knowledge is awesome.广博,普遍性

2. The youth today greater opportunities than ever before.“青年人”的总称

青春,朝气

3. The headquarters of NATO in Brussels.一个总部或一个司令部

The headquarters of the two banks are in London.两个或两个以上总部或司令部

4. The data ready for examination.数据,资料

The data is ready for processing.供计算机处理的信息

5. The help hasn’t come this morning.一个仆人,佣人

The help are demanding higher wages. 两个或以上仆人,佣人

6. All were terrified. 所有人

All were well done.所有的事(可数)

All I can say is that I’m extremely sorry. 表一个整体或一个概念

All of them have come. (all + 可数名词)

All of my time has been wasted. (all + 不可数名词)

六、某些表地方的名词作主语时谓语动词的数

1. The whole world was opposed to that war.

2. The whole country knows the news.

3. The whole city has turned out to welcome the foreign guests.

4. The whole town is very angry about it.

5. The whole village is going to attend the meeting.

七、主语后跟有短语时谓语动词的数

1. The ambassador accompanied by his wife is going to the banquet today.

2. China in company with the Third World countries was against the resolution.

3. The actress together with her friend is going to the party.

4. The team leader along with his members is going to attend the opening ceremony.

5. The officer, as well as his soldiers, is greatly surprised.

6. Man no less than other animals is responsible for pollution.

7. The coach, rather than the players, is responsible for the failure.

8. The girl like boys has learned to skate.

9. No one but students is allowed to take the bus.

10. Nobody except you is permitted to ask for leave.

八、非谓语动词或从句作主语时谓语动词的数

1. Listening to music makes her happy.

2. To die for the people is a glorious death.

英语主谓一致的学习目标(三)
高中英语主谓一致一轮学习整理

高中英语:主谓一致

概论:谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数保持一致,这就叫

主谓一致。在判定一个句子主谓语是否一致时,要遵循下列三个原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。近几年来,高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在意义一致、语法一致、承前一致以及就近一致几个方面。

体系:

语法一致 主谓意义一致 一致就近一致

考点:

1. 谓语动词用单数的情况 谓语动词用复数的情况 谓语动词单复数视情况而定

4. “名词(或代词)+介词短语”作主语时的主谓一致 5. “名词(或代词)+of+名词”作主语时的主谓一致 6. 定语从句中的主谓一致 7. 就近原则&就前原则

解析:

一、语法一致:主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是

单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式。

规则:

1. 由and, both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数,但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人,同一物,同一事,同一概念时谓语用单数。

Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel. The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk.

2. 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时,谓语用复数。

Good and bad meat in the market are sold out.

3. 凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词,谓语用复数,如果只有前一个名词带the(a 或物主代词)则谓语用单数。

The professor and the writer have published a few new books on radio.

The tenth and last chapter is written by a young man.

4. every/each/no 修饰单数名词,以及and连接的两个有

every/each/no修饰的单数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式。如:Every boy and every girl is having sports now.

5.“more than one/many a+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:

More than one student has failed the exam.

6. “one +单数名词and a half ”作主语时,谓语动词可用单数形式,也可用复数形式,如: He said that one and a half apples is enough.

7. 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时,谓语通常用单数。

Much milk is offered to him.

Reading aloud is very important in learning English. To nod one’s head means agreement. What they said is true.

8. 不定代词either, each, one, another, anyone, anybody , no one, nobody, some one, somebody, anything, nothing, something, everything, everyone, everybody, neither等作主语时,谓语用单数,none做主语时,谓语单复数均可。 There is nothing wrong with the machine. Either of the shirts fits me very well.

None of the farmers has (have)been abroad. 9. 在四则运算中谓语单复数均可。

Three and four is (are) seven. Two times ten is (are) twenty. 10. 当a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quantity of等短语作主语时,谓语与of后的保持一致。

There are plenty of eggs in the basket. Lots of meat has been sold out. 考例:

As a result of destroying the forests, a large_______ of desert______ covered the land.(2001上海)

A number, has B quantity, has C number, have D quantity, have (key:B)

11. 当分数或百分数+名词作主语时,谓语与后面的名词保持一致。

Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water. 70 percent of people have known about the truth. 考例:

_______ of the land in that district_______covered with trees and grass.(2000上海)

A Two fifth, is B Two fifth, are C Two fifth, is D Two fifths, are (key:C)

12. “a number of+复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,”the number of +复数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式。 The number of books is no more than 100, but a number of them is of little use. 考例:

The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them______absent for different reasons.(NMET 1996)

A were , was B was, was C was , were, D were, were (key C) 13. 在one of +复数名词+定语从句中如关系代词作主语引导定语从句时,谓语根据先行词来判断,若是one of结构,定语从句用复数,若是the(only) one of结构,定语从句用单数。 Zhou xia is one of the girls who like hiking.

Tian lili is the only one of the girls who has passed the exam. 考例:

He is the only of the students who_______ a winner of scholarship for three years.(2002上海)

A is B are C have been D has been (key D)

二、意义一致: 取决于主语所表达的内在含义。只要确定句

子的主语是单数意义,则谓语用单数;句子的主语是复数意义,则谓语用复数。 例如:

The crowd were fighting for their lives.

Three years in a strange land seems like a long time.

规则:

1. 由and 连接的两个疑问代词、不定式、动名词作主语时,根据意义一致的原则确定单复数。

When and where to build the new factory ________yet.(MET1991) A is not decided B are not decided C has not decided D have not decided (key:A)

2. 不可数名词作主语,一律视为单数。以s结尾的国名、地名、机构名,书名,如:the United States, the United Nations等作主语,视为单数;有些不可数名词如:news, maths, physics 虽然以s结尾,但不是复数。 3. 表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子作主语

时,谓语动词用单数。“one, either, neither, each of+复数名词或代词”作主语时,谓语用单数。如:

When and where to go for the onsalary holiday has not been decided yet.

Either of the stories is very funny.

4. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作 主语,通常看作一个整体,谓语动词常用单数。如: Ten pounds was missing from the box.

5. a series of, a kind of, a piece of, a pair of 等修饰名词,通常以量词的单复数形式来决定谓语的单复数。

如:Two series of new stamps have been ordered.

6. the population of…“……的人口数量”作主语时,谓语用单数,但如果是分数/百分数/half of/the rest of+the population 作主语时,谓语则用复数,具体指其中的多少人,复数意义,如: 注意:

the average of …“……的平均数量”,作主语时,谓语用单数。 7. “the +adj.”结构指人时,谓语动词用复数;如果表示抽象的概念,谓语动词用单数,如:

8. 分数、百分数,all, some, the rest, half of, most of, part of 等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数根据其指代的含义确定,如: Most 9. 主语为集体名词时,如果表示一个整体,谓语 动词用单数;如果指其中的个体,谓语动词用复数。 这类集体名词常见的有:army, audience, cattle, class, club, committee, crowd, family, government, group, majority, minority, people, police, public, staff, team 等,其中cattle,people,police一般看成复数形式。而有的名词则是单数、复数相同,如sheep, deer, aircraft, mean, fish, works, species,等,作主语时,就必须根据意思来确定其谓语的单复数形式。

Every possible means________ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear(2000上海)。

A is used B are used C has been used D have been used (keys:C) 10. 当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、 同一物、同一事或者同一概念时,应看作单数,谓语 动词用单数形式。另外,当and 连接两个形容词修饰 一个单数形式的主语时,其实是指两种不同的事物, 主语则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用 复数。如:

War and peace is a constant theme in history. Chinese and Japanese silk are of good quality. 注意:

英语中并列结构表示整体概念的有:

iron and steel 钢铁 law and order 治安 bread and butter 黄油面包 a watch and chain 一块带链的表 a knife and fork 刀叉 truth and honesty 真诚

a coat and tie 配有领带的上衣 aim and end 目的

11. what 引导的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词的 单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数形式。如:

What surprised me most was his attitude towards his study. 12:such 作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要根 据其意义而定。如:

Such is Stephen Hawking, who has suffered a great deal but achieved so much.

13:“quantities of+名词”作主语时,不论名词是

复数还是不可数,谓语一律用复数。如: Every day quantities of water are wasted.

三、就近一致: 谓语动词根据它前面最邻近的名词或代词或其他词的数的形式,来决定其自身的数的形式。 例如:

Not only his children but also he himself wants to go there. Either my wife or I am going to work there.

规则:

1. 当连词or, not…but…; either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but (also)…等连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式常与最靠近的词语保持一致。如:

Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter. Either you or the headmaster______ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting(1994上海)

A is handing out B are to hand out C are handing out D is to hand out (key:D)

2:在倒装句中,谓语与后面第一个主语的数保持一致(需认准主语是哪个)。如:In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.

a monument. over 2,200 people. 3)More than 1,500 people lost their lives. the young woman.

3. 当一个句子是由 there 或here引起,而主语又

不止一个时,谓语通常和最靠近它的主语一致。如: There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 四、承前一致

1. 由and 连接的第二个名词短语表示否定或带有状语时,为主的单复数与第一个名词一致。

The teacher, and perhaps his students too, is likely to be present. 2. 主语+介词(短语):with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, over, besides, together with, like, including, in addition to等连接的名词时,谓语以介词(短语)前的主语为准, 不受介词后的名词影响。

The man with hs daughters and sons is watching TV. The girls as well as the teacher are dancing. 考例:

1)E-mail, as well as telephones,______ an important role in our daily life(1999上海)

A playing B play C plays D have played (keys:C)

2) A library with five thousand books_______ to the nation as a gift.(MET 1990)

A is offered B has offered C are offered D have offered (keys: A) 3)The teacher , with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ______ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. (NMET2004 北京卷) A. was B . were C. had been D. would be 4)I, rather than you,

3. 当kind of, pair of, type of等做主语时,谓语与of 前的kind,

pair, type等保持一致。如: This pair of trousers fits you.

The kind of the apple tastes delicious.

巩固练习:

1.The family as well as their dog ________ on the roof by the flood.

A.was trapped B.trapped C.were trapped D.trapping

2.Britain ________ many other industrialized countries, ________ major changes over the last 100 years. A.together with; have experienced B.as well as; have experienced

C.in common with; has experienced D.instead of; has experienced

3.Some necessary equipment as well as food and clothes________ sent to the disasterhit area since the powerful earthquake occurred. A. has been B. have been C. is being D. are being

4.Is it he or you ________ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually?

A.who is B.that is C.who are D.whom are

英语主谓一致的学习目标(四)
主谓一致教学设计

第四届全国中小学“教学中的互联网应用”

优秀教学案例评选评选

教学设计方案

姓名: 单位: 题目: 学科: 年级: 电话: 邮编: 邮箱:

123

英语主谓一致的学习目标(五)
高中英语主谓一致一轮学习整理

高中英语:主谓一致

概论:谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数保持一致,这就叫

主谓一致。在判定一个句子主谓语是否一致时,要遵循下列三个原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。近几年来,高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在意义一致、语法一致、承前一致以及就近一致几个方面。

解析:

一、语法一致:主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是

单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式。

规则:

1. 由and, both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数,但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人,同一物,同一事,同一概念时谓语用单数。

Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel. The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk.

2. 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时,谓语用复数。

Good and bad meat in the market are sold out.

3. 凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词,谓语用复数,如果只有前一个名词带the(a 或物主代词)则谓语用单数。

The professor and the writer have published a few new books on radio.

The tenth and last chapter is written by a young man.

4. every/each/no 修饰单数名词,以及and连接的两个有

every/each/no修饰的单数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式。如:Every boy and every girl is having sports now.

5.“more than one/many a+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:

体系:

语法一致 主谓意义一致 一致就近一致

考点:

1. 谓语动词用单数的情况 谓语动词用复数的情况 谓语动词单复数视情况而定

4. “名词(或代词)+介词短语”作主语时的主谓一致 5. “名词(或代词)+of+名词”作主语时的主谓一致 6. 定语从句中的主谓一致 7. 就近原则&就前原则

More than one student has failed the exam.

6. “one +单数名词and a half ”作主语时,谓语动词可用单数形式,也可用复数形式,如: He said that one and a half apples is enough.

7. 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时,谓语通常用单数。

Much milk is offered to him.

Reading aloud is very important in learning English. To nod one’s head means agreement. What they said is true.

8. 不定代词either, each, one, another, anyone, anybody , no one, nobody, some one, somebody, anything, nothing, something, everything, everyone, everybody, neither等作主语时,谓语用单数,none做主语时,谓语单复数均可。 There is nothing wrong with the machine. Either of the shirts fits me very well.

None of the farmers has (have)been abroad. 9. 在四则运算中谓语单复数均可。

Three and four is (are) seven. Two times ten is (are) twenty. 10. 当a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quantity of等短语作主语时,谓语与of后的保持一致。

There are plenty of eggs in the basket. Lots of meat has been sold out. 考例:

As a result of destroying the forests, a large_______ of desert______ covered the land.(2001上海)

A number, has B quantity, has C number, have D quantity, have (key:B)

11. 当分数或百分数+名词作主语时,谓语与后面的名词保持一致。

Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water. 70 percent of people have known about the truth. 考例:

_______ of the land in that district_______covered with trees and grass.(2000上海)

A Two fifth, is B Two fifth, are C Two fifth, is D Two fifths, are (key:C)

12. “a number of+复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,”the number of +复数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式。 The number of books is no more than 100, but a number of them is of little use. 考例:

The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them______absent for different reasons.(NMET 1996)

A were , was B was, was C was , were, D were, were (key C) 13. 在one of +复数名词+定语从句中如关系代词作主语引导定语从句时,谓语根据先行词来判断,若是one of结构,定语从句用复数,若是the(only) one of结构,定语从句用单数。 Zhou xia is one of the girls who like hiking.

Tian lili is the only one of the girls who has passed the exam. 考例:

【英语主谓一致的学习目标】

He is the only of the students who_______ a winner of scholarship for three years.(2002上海)

A is B are C have been D has been (key D)

二、意义一致: 取决于主语所表达的内在含义。只要确定句

子的主语是单数意义,则谓语用单数;句子的主语是复数意义,则谓语用复数。 例如:

The crowd were fighting for their lives.

Three years in a strange land seems like a long time.

规则:

1. 由and 连接的两个疑问代词、不定式、动名词作主语时,根据意义一致的原则确定单复数。

When and where to build the new factory ________yet.(MET1991) A is not decided B are not decided C has not decided D have not decided (key:A)

2. 不可数名词作主语,一律视为单数。以s结尾的国名、地名、机构名,书名,如:the United States, the United Nations等作主语,视为单数;有些不可数名词如:news, maths, physics 虽然以s结尾,但不是复数。 3. 表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子作主语

时,谓语动词用单数。“one, either, neither, each of+复数名词或代词”作主语时,谓语用单数。如:

When and where to go for the onsalary holiday has not been decided yet.

Either of the stories is very funny.

4. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作 主语,通常看作一个整体,谓语动词常用单数。如: Ten pounds was missing from the box.

5. a series of, a kind of, a piece of, a pair of 等修饰名词,通常以量词的单复数形式来决定谓语的单复数。

如:Two series of new stamps have been ordered.

6. the population of…“……的人口数量”作主语时,谓语用单数,但如果是分数/百分数/half of/the rest of+the population 作主语时,谓语则用复数,具体指其中的多少人,复数意义,如: 注意:

the average of …“……的平均数量”,作主语时,谓语用单数。 7. “the +adj.”结构指人时,谓语动词用复数;如果表示抽象的概念,谓语动词用单数,如:

8. 分数、百分数,all, some, the rest, half of, most of, part of 等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数根据其指代的含义确定,如: Most 9. 主语为集体名词时,如果表示一个整体,谓语 动词用单数;如果指其中的个体,谓语动词用复数。 这类集体名词常见的有:army, audience, cattle, class, club, committee, crowd, family, government, group, majority, minority, people, police, public, staff, team 等,其中cattle,people,police一般看成复数形式。而有的名词则是单数、复数相同,如sheep, deer, aircraft, mean, fish, works, species,等,作主语时,就必须根据意思来确定其谓语的单复数形式。

Every possible means________ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear(2000上海)。

A is used B are used C has been used D have been used (keys:C) 10. 当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、 同一物、同一事或者同一概念时,应看作单数,谓语 动词用单数形式。另外,当and 连接两个形容词修饰 一个单数形式的主语时,其实是指两种不同的事物, 主语则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用 复数。如:

War and peace is a constant theme in history. Chinese and Japanese silk are of good quality. 注意:

英语中并列结构表示整体概念的有:

iron and steel 钢铁 law and order 治安 bread and butter 黄油面包 a watch and chain 一块带链的表 a knife and fork 刀叉 truth and honesty 真诚

a coat and tie 配有领带的上衣 aim and end 目的

11. what 引导的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词的 单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数形式。如:

What surprised me most was his attitude towards his study. 12:such 作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要根 据其意义而定。如:

Such is Stephen Hawking, who has suffered a great deal but achieved so much.

13:“quantities of+名词”作主语时,不论名词是

复数还是不可数,谓语一律用复数。如: Every day quantities of water are wasted.

三、就近一致: 谓语动词根据它前面最邻近的名词或代词或其他词的数的形式,来决定其自身的数的形式。 例如:

Not only his children but also he himself wants to go there. Either my wife or I am going to work there.

规则:

1. 当连词or, not…but…; either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but (also)…等连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式常与最靠近的词语保持一致。如:

Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter. Either you or the headmaster______ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting(1994上海)

A is handing out B are to hand out C are handing out D is to hand out (key:D)

2:在倒装句中,谓语与后面第一个主语的数保持一致(需认准主语是哪个)。如:In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.

a monument. over 2,200 people. 3)More than 1,500 people lost their lives. the young woman.

3. 当一个句子是由 there 或here引起,而主语又

不止一个时,谓语通常和最靠近它的主语一致。如: There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. pair, type等保持一致。如: This pair of trousers fits you.

The kind of the apple tastes delicious.

四、承前一致

1. 由and 连接的第二个名词短语表示否定或带有状语时,为主的单复数与第一个名词一致。

The teacher, and perhaps his students too, is likely to be present. 2. 主语+介词(短语):with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, over, besides, together with, like, including, in addition to等连接的名词时,谓语以介词(短语)前的主语为准, 不受介词后的名词影响。

The man with hs daughters and sons is watching TV. The girls as well as the teacher are dancing. 考例:

1)E-mail, as well as telephones,______ an important role in our daily life(1999上海)

A playing B play C plays D have played (keys:C)

2) A library with five thousand books_______ to the nation as a gift.(MET 1990)

A is offered B has offered C are offered D have offered (keys: A) 3)The teacher , with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ______ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. (NMET2004 北京卷) A. was B . were C. had been D. would be 4)I, rather than you,

3. 当kind of, pair of, type of等做主语时,谓语与of 前的kind,

巩固练习:

1.The family as well as their dog ________ on the roof by the flood.

A.was trapped B.trapped C.were trapped D.trapping

2.Britain ________ many other industrialized countries, ________ major changes over the last 100 years. A.together with; have experienced B.as well as; have experienced

C.in common with; has experienced D.instead of; has experienced

3.Some necessary equipment as well as food and clothes________ sent to the disasterhit area since the powerful earthquake occurred. A. has been B. have been C. is being D. are being

4.Is it he or you ________ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually?

A.who is B.that is C.who are D.whom are

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