新目标英语八年级下册宾语从句讲解

新目标英语八年级下册宾语从句讲解(一)
人教版新目标英语八年级下册知识点全归纳 2

八年级（下）英语知识讲解（人教）

每单元均有重要的字、词的辨析及重要语句的分析与用法指导；有课文中的难重点分析与讲解；有针对性的训练及同步检测题，并且附有详细的解答。

目录

1 Unit 1 Will people have robots?

2 Unit 2 What should I do?

3 Unit3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?

4 Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.

5 Unit 5 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!

6 Review of units 1-3

7 Review of units 4-5

8 八年级下学期期中复习（一）

9 改错小练

10 八年级下学期期中复习（二）

11 八年级期中考试模拟题

12 Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?

13 Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?

14 Unit 8 Why don’t you get her a scarf?

15 Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?

16 Unit 10 It’s a nice day, isn’t it?

17 介词复习

18 Review of units 6-8

19 Review of units 9-10

20 八年级第二学期期末复习题

21 八年级第二学期期末模拟试题

22 How do you study for a test

23 Unit2 I used to be afraid of the dark

Unit 1

Will people have robots?

II. Grammar:

·一般将来时

·there will be ·few，a few，little，a little，much，many

语法小结：

一、一般将来时

1．用be doing表示将来：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词。

如：go，come，leave，arrive等，也可用于其他动作动词。

We are having fish for dinner.

We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow.

这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语，如果不带时间状语，则根据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。

A: Where are you going? B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me?

A: Yes，I am just coming. Wait for me.

2．用be going to do表示将来：主要意义，一是表示―意图‖，即打算在最近的将来或将来进行某事。

Are you going to post that letter?

How long is he going to stay here?

I am going to book a ticket.

另一意义是表示―预见‖，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。 It’s going to rain.

George is putting on weight; he is going to be quite fat.

3. 用will/ shall do表示将来：

主要意义，一是表示预见。

You will feel better after taking this medicine.

Do you think it will rain?

二是表示意图.

I will not lend the book to you.

Take it easy，I will not do it any longer.

基本结构：

She will come to have class tomorrow.

Will she come to have class tomorrow?

She won’t come to have class tomorrow.

What will she do tomorrow?

二、There be结构

1. there be 结构中的be是可以运用各种时态的。

There is going to be a meeting tonight. 今晚有个会议。

There was a knock at the door. 有人敲门。 There has been a girl waiting for you. 有个女孩一直在等你。 There will be rain soon. 不久天就要下雨了。 2. 动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。并且要根据就近一致原则来

变换be的单复数形式。

如There is a book on the desk. 课桌上有一本书。

How many people are there in the city? 这个城市里有多少人口？

There is a pen and two books on the desk. 课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。

There are two books and a pen on the desk. 课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。

There are some students and a teacher in the classroom.教室里有一些学生和一位老师。 There is a teacher and some students in the classroom. 教室里有一位老师和一些学生。

3. 在there be引起的句子结构中，用来修饰主语的不定式主动形式和被动形式均可。 There is no time to lose (=to be lost). 时间紧迫。

There is nothing to see (=to be seen). 看不见有什么。

There is nothing to do. (=to be done) 无事可做。

4、There is no doing.

(口语)不可能…….

There is no telling when he will be back. 无法知道他什么时候回来。

There is no knowing what he is doing. 无法知道他在做什么。

三、课文难句解析

1. Will people use money in 100years? 一百年后人们还会使用钱币吗？

1) money 金钱；货币

eg． What's the money? 价钱是多少?

paper money 纸币；钞票

2) in 100 years 在100年之后

―in+一段时间‖常用在将来时态中

eg． I'll come in an hour. 我一小时后来。

I'll see you again in three days. 三天后我再见你。

2. There will be less leisure time．空闲时间会更少。

1) less 形容词：较少的(是little的比较级)，修饰不可数名词，其最高级是least；反义词是more。

eg． Jane's less beautiful than Mary. 简不如玛丽漂亮。

Five is less than six． 5比6少。

2) leisure time 空闲时间

eg．What do you do in your leisure time? 你空闲时间做些什么？

3. I think there will be more pollution． 我认为将会有更多的污染产生。

1) think后跟的是宾语从句，且宾语从句是there be句型的一般将来时，结构为―there will be+物+其他成分‖。

eg． I think it will rain tomorrow. 我认为明天会下雨。

I think there will be fewer trees. 我认为将来树木会更少。

2) pollution表示―污染‖，用作不可数名词。

例如：They did a lot to stop water pollution．他们采取大量措施制止水污染。

4. I don't agree． 我不同意。

agree在本句中作动词，I don't agree．是一句交际用语，表示―不赞成某人或某人的观点‖，如果表赞成，则为I agree。

1) 表示―同意某人意见‖时用agree with sb，该短语不能用于被动语态。

eg． Did you agree with him? 你同意他的意见吗?

I don't agree with what she said． 我不同意她所说的。

2) 表示―同意(某计划、办法、建议、条件)‖时，用agree to(to在此用作介词，其后接名词、代词或者相当于名词的成分)，该短语可以用于被动语态。

eg．I agree to your idea． 我同意你的想法。

My plan was agreed to by all of them． 他们所有的人都同意我的计划。

3) 表示―就……取得一致意见‖用agree on(或upon)，指―两者或两者以上的商定，达成协议‖。

eg．They both agreed on the date for the meeting．他们双方都同意开会的日期。

4) agree后还可以接不定式，不接动名词，表示―同意做某事‖。

eg．They agreed to leave tomorrow afternoon．他们同意明天下午动身。

5. What do you think Sally will be in five years? 你认为萨莉5年之后将会是什么样子? 此句中的do you think是插入语，其后接的宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。

eg． Which book do you think she will like? 你认为她会喜欢哪本书?

Who do you think did it? 你认为是谁干的那件事?

6. I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it. 我去年去了上海，并且喜欢上了这座城市。

1) go表示―去‖，过去式是went，―go to+地名‖表示―到某地去‖。

eg．When will you go to school? 你什么时候去上学？

He will go to the factory tomorrow．他明天要去那所工厂。

如果go后面接副词，不用to。

eg．He went home at before six yesterday evening．他昨天晚上6点前回家的。

2) last year意为―去年‖，用于一般过去时态中。

eg．He went to London last year．去年他去了伦敦。

3) love爱，热爱，其反义词是hate；fall in love with是―喜爱；爱上；与……相恋‖的意思。

eg．He went to Harbin last year and fell in love with it.去年他去了哈尔滨，并且喜欢上了那里。

7. I can't have any pets because my mother hates them. 我不能养宠物，因为我妈不喜欢他们

1) because在这句中用作连词，引导原因状语从句，表示―因为‖。注意在英语中because不能和so同时使用。

eg．John didn't go to school because he was ill. 约翰没有上学，因为他病了。

2) hate表示―不喜欢，憎恨‖，后可跟名词或代词作宾语，也可用词组hate doing sth.，表示―讨厌做某事‖。

eg．He hated flowers. 他讨厌花朵。

I hate swimming in the lake. 我讨厌在那个湖里游泳。

8. I'll probably go skating and swimming every day. 我会每天都去滑冰和游泳。

1) go doing sth. 结构，表示―去做……

go skating 去滑冰 go swimming 去游泳go shopping 去买东西 go fishing 去钓鱼 go boating 去划船

eg．My father goes fishing every week． 我爸爸每周都去钓鱼。

I like going skating．我喜欢去滑冰。

2) every day与everyday区别：every day表示―每天‖，通常与一般现在时连用；而everyday表示―日常的，每天发生的，每日所用的‖，是形容词。例如：

eg．I get up at six every day. 我每天6点起床。

He wears everyday clothes today．今天他穿一身便服。

9. During the week I’ll look smart，and probably will wear a suit．

在工作日里，我会看上去很精神，也许会穿一身套装。

1) during表示―在……期间‖，during the week是介词短语，意为―在工作日里‖。 eg．The sun gives us light during the day. 太阳在白天给我们阳光。

He fell asleep during the lesson. 他在上课时睡着了。

2) look表示―看上去‖，用作连系动词，其后接形容词作表语。

eg．That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。

You look very beautiful today. 今天你看上去很漂亮。

3) wear表示―穿‖，表示状态，用一般现在时表示经常状态，用现在进行时表示暂时状态。 eg．We wear our rain boots on a rainy day. 我们在下雨天穿雨鞋。

She is wearing a new coat． 她穿着一件新衣服。

Does he wear glasses? 她戴眼镜吗？

put on是―穿上‖，―戴上‖的意思，强调动作。

eg．She put on a red coat and went out. 她穿上红色大衣出去了。

注意：put on是一时的动作，不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用。

他整天戴着草帽。 误：He puts on a hat all day. 正：He wears a hat all day.

10. I'll go to Hong Kong on vacation． 我会去香港度假。

on vacation意为―在度假‖，on表示―处于……状态中‖。

eg． He will go to Hangzhou on vacation． 他要到杭州度假。

My father will be away on business tomorrow．我爸爸明天要出差。

11. What do you think the weather will be like tomorrow? 你认为明天的天气怎样?

1) What's the weather like? 是询问天气怎么样，相当于How is the weather？What be … like?可以用来征求对方对某事的看法或意见，意思是―……怎么样?‖ 类似的说法还有What do you think of…? How do you like…?等句型。

eg．What is the book like? ＝What do you think of the book?

＝How do you like the book? 你觉得这本书怎么样? What's the weather like today?＝How is the weather today? 今天天气怎么样?

新目标英语八年级下册宾语从句讲解(二)
新目标英语八年级If引导的宾语从句与状语从句

1. if 引导的宾语从句

if 或 whether 引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，常放在动词 ask、see、say、know 和 find out 等后面。一般情况下，两者常可换用，在口语中多用 if。

Nobody knows whether / if it will rain tomorrow. 没有人知道明天是否下雨。

Lucy asked whether / if they had a cotton sweater. 露西问他们是否有棉制的毛衣

2. 一句话中的时间、地点、原因、方式、条件等就是句子的状语，如果句中的条件是一个句子，这个句子就叫条件状语从句。

If I get up early tomorrow morning, I will call you.

如果明天早上我起的早，我会给你打电话的。

句中“明天早上早起”这句话，是“我给你打电话”的一个条件，所以这里的 “ If I get up early”就叫条件状语从句，而“I will call you” 就是这句话的主句。条件状语从句的引导词常见的有：if (如果)，unless（除非），as long as(只要)等，目前我们最常见的是if引导的条件状语从句。

If 引导的条件状语从句可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。例如：

If bears are in danger, they attack people. = They attack people if bears are in danger.

熊在危险时会攻击人。

注意 ：

学习" if " 引导的条件状语从句的用法,现在总结一下:

if 条件句不一般,几个要点记心间;

条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中间。

条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；

条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。

表示真实条件、客观真理、自然现象、定理定义，民 间谚语等，句型是 If + 句子 （一般现在时）+ 主句 （一般现在时）

2. advise v. 劝告，建议

eg.He advises us to sell the house.

他建议我们卖掉房子。【新目标英语八年级下册宾语从句讲解】

doing sth. 建议做某事

advise Sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

Sb. About sth. 在某方面给某人建议

Advise 与suggest 的区别

Advise/suggest doing I advise riding there. 我建议骑马去那里。

Advise sb. to do sth suggest that sb. (should) do

He advised us to go there by bus. The doctor suggested that he should not smoke.

3. worried adj. 担心的；发愁的

eg.He was worried about the test. 他当时很担心测试。

1worried 作形容词，常用短语有 be worried about ○

2worry 既可作名词，令人担忧的事，是可数名词，又可作动词，既可作及物动词，又可作○

不及物动词。

eg.His bad health worries his parents greatly.

There is nothing to worry about.

3worry about=be worried about ○

4. trust v.相信；信任

eg.I trust what you said. 我相信你所说的。

Trust sb. 相信某人Believe sb. 相信某人(说的话是真的) Believe in sb. 信任某人

新目标英语八年级下册宾语从句讲解(三)
新目标英语八年级下第5单元知识点讲解

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

话题：谈论过去的事情，讲故事 教学目标：熟练运用过去进行时态讲故事 重点：过去进行时态

重点句型：What was/were sb. doing? 某人正在做什么？ Sb. was/were doing sth. 某人正在做某事。 It is+n. +to do sth. 做某事是„„ 知识点： 1. 过去进行时

1概念： ○

过去进行时，是表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的状态或动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外，一般用时间状语来表示。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。常用的时间状语：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, 例如：

(1)What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)

(2)When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)

(3)We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。

(4)What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？

2基本句型 ○

肯定句：主语+was/were+动词的-ing形式+其他 否定句：主语+was/were+not+动词的-ing形式+其他 一般疑问句：Was/were+主语+动词的-ing形式+其他

一般疑问句回答：Yes, 主语+was/were. No, 主语+was/were+not. 拓展：

1英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时） ○

1)表心理状态、情感的动词，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用进

行时则词意改变。

I'm forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )

2)表存在、状态的动词，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等 3)表感觉的动词，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.

4)表一时性的动词，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。 误：I was knowing the answer.

正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。 误：I wasn't understanding him.

正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。 典型例题：

1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes

答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。 2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.

A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when,

while，意为"当„„之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。

2过去进行时和一般过去时的区别 ○

一般过去时

a. 叙述过去状态、动作或事件

He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间）

b. 表示过去的习惯 would ,used to与过去时 would 表间断性不规则的习惯，常带频率时间 used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯

They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words. He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为）

c. 表示过去的经历，平行动作，依此事件用一般过去时。 He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此发生)

d. 表示客气委婉的语气，用于情态动词，助动词和want , wonder , hope 等 How did you like the film? / Could you help me? 过去进行时

a. 表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生

What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (过去某时刻正在发生) b. 短暂性动词用过去进行时表示按计划、打算 During that time he was going with us.(表示打算)

c. 与always ,often ,usually 等连用表喜爱，讨厌等感情色彩。 He was always Changing his mind. 强化训练Drilling Square

请判断下列各题空格处动词的正确时态（一般过去时或过去进行时）。 1.It ________（rain）very hard when we ________（get）there yesterday. 2.I ________（watch） TV at 7:00 P.M. yesterday. 3.What ________（you do ） at that time?

4.She ________（have） a bath when the phone ______（ring）.

5.The students ________（make） noises while the teacher ________（be） away. 6.I ________（read） in my room when she ________（come）. 7.It ________（grow） dark, so we ________（turn） back for home.

8.As the winds ________（blow） stronger and stronger, we ________（not go） swimming yesterday afternoon.

9.The baby ________（cry ） all morning today.

10.We ________（have） a good time when suddenly the lights ________（go） out.

2. rainstorm n. 暴风雨

rainstorm 是由rain+storm构成的合成词，rain常见的合成词有 coat raincoat 雨衣 rain drop raindrop 雨滴 fall rainfall 下雨 worm rainworm 蚯蚓

3. alarm

作可数名词讲，意为“闹钟”“警报” a fire alarm 防火警报器 I set a alarm for 7 o’clock.

作不可数名词讲，意为“惊恐，惊慌” a sense of alarm 惊慌感

作动词讲 意为“向„„报警，使警觉” Alarm everyone quickly because the house is on fire. 快警告大家，因为房子着火了。 4. go off

go off 短语根据不同的情况，有多种意思

发出响声 When the fire alarm went off, everyone ran out quickly. 爆炸，开火 He pulled the trigger, but the gun didn’t go off.

电气设备停止运行 As the water came in the windows, all the lights went off. 离开 He went off in a hurry. 他匆匆地离开。 5. pick up

接电话 Tom, I called you, but you didn’t pick up. 捡起，拾起 I picked up a wallet on my way home. 开车接某人 I will pick you up at the station.

学到，偶然获得 Here’s a tip I picked up from my mother. 感染 I picked up a terrible cold yesterday. 6. begin

begin后可接to或doing表示开始做某事，但是在3种情况下用to do较好。

1主语是物而不是人 ○

The ice began to melt.

2本身为ing形式 ○

He is just beginning to write the letter.

3begin后面有understand, konw等动词。 ○

She began to understand it. 7. beat&win

9. It is+n.+to do sth. 做某事是„„

It is good manners for an Arab to stand close to his friend when they are talking.

10. Although some people„remember who killed him, they remember what they were doing„ 本句结构较为复杂。首先，本句含有although引导的让步状语从句，而该从句的who killed him又作remember的宾语从句，同样，主句的what they were doing

也是宾语从句，作主句中

新目标英语八年级下册宾语从句讲解(四)
新目标八年级下册 英语语法知识点精讲

新目标八年级下册 英语语法知识点

精讲+练习

Unit1一般将来时

一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。

be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain.

will do 结构表示将来的用法： 1. 表示预见

Do you think it will rain?

You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图

I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow?

基本构成如下： 一般疑问句构成：

（1）will+主语+do„? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? （2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be „? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t 否定句构成：will + not （won’t）+do Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成：

特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋„？What will Sarah do next Sunday?

★★练一练★★

根据例句，用will改写下列各句

例：I don’t feel well today. （be better tomorrow）

1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight） _____________________________ 2. I’m tired now. （sleep later）

_____________________________

3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon） _____________________________

4. We can’t leave right now. （leave a little later） _____________________________

5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow） _____________________________

答案：1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight. 2. I’ll sleep later.

3. They’ll buy one soon. 4. We’ll leave a little later.

5. Maybe it’ll be better tomorrow.

Unit2 should的用法：

should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not.

eg：I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。

She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot. 她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。 Students shouldn’t spend too much time playing computer games. 学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。 学习向别人提建议的几种句式： （1）I think you should„ （2）Well, you could„ （3）Maybe you should „

（4）Why don’t you„? =why not do、、、？ （5）What about doing sth.? （6）You’d better do sth.

★ ★练一练★★

用should或shouldn’t填空

1. I can’t sleep the night before exams.

You ______ take a warm shower before you go to bed. 2. Good friends ______ argue each other.

3. There is little milk in the glass. We _______ buy some. 4. They didn’t invite you? Maybe you ______ be friendlier.

5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I _______ do exercises every day.

Unit3 过去进行时

（一） 过去进行时的构成及用法：

1、构成：主语+was / were + 动词的现在分词 (其中am,is—was; are—were ) 2、用法：表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作或状态.也可用来表示过去一段时间内持续发生的动作。

(常与过去进行时连用的时间状语有：then,this time yesterday,at that time,at 9:00 yesterday evening, the whole morning,all night等) （

（二）when和while引导的时间状语从句。意思是“当、、、、时”

when 是at that time的意思，表示做某种动作的时间或瞬间。其谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。 WhenI was reading a book when。 When

while 是during the time的意思，表示略长的一段时间。其谓语动词必须是延续性的。常与现在进行时或过去进行时连用。

Eg：Tom was reading a newspaper whileI am doing my homework while

★★练一练★★

用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. This time yesterday I ____ ______（read）books.

2. At 9 o’clock last Sunday they ______ ______（have）a party.

3. When I _____（come）into the classroom, she ________ ______（read）a storybook. 4. She _____ ______（play）computer games while her mother ____ ______（cook）yesterday afternoon.

5. I _____ ______（have）a shower when you _______（call）me yesterday.

Unit4 宾语从句

★★练一练★★

用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. She said I _____（be）hard-working.

2. Peter told me he _____（be）bored yesterday. 3. She said she _____（go）swimming last Sunday. 4. Bobby said he _____（may）call me later. 5. Antonio told me he _____（read）a book then. 答案：1. was 2. was 3. went 4. might 5. was reading

（五）if引导的条件状语从句

知识点总结

引导条件状语从句的连接词主要有：if（如果）、unless（除非）在意思上等于if……not.或 as long as（只要）等。

一、条件状语从句用法

1、引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如：

If you ask him, he will help you.

If you fail in the exam, you will let him down. 2、unless = if……not. 除非，若不，除非在……的时候 例如：Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. =If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.

Unless it rains, the game will be played.除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。 3、so/as long as只要

例句；You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean. 只要你保持书的清 洁，你就可以把我的书借去。

So long as you're happy, it doesn't matter what you do. 只要你高兴，你做什么都没有关系。

二、时态问题

在条件状语从句中，要注意“主将从现”的规定，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来时。

eg: I will come to see you if I have time. 我有时间，我就来看你。

★ ★练一练★★

根据中文提示，完成句子。

1. 如果你参加聚会，你将会过得很开心。 If you ________ the party, you __________. 2. 如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐。

If it __________ tomorrow, we ___________.

Ⅰ.单项选择。

1. If you _____ to the party, you’ll have a great time. A. will go B. went C. go D. going 2. I ____ her the answer if she ____me.【新目标英语八年级下册宾语从句讲解】

A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks 3. – What are you going to do tomorrow? --We’ll go to the library tomorrow if it ___. A. isn’t rain B. rain C. won’t rain D. doesn’t rain 5. I’ll give the book to him if he ___ here next Sunday. A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came 7. Must we clean the house now? No, you _______. A. needn't B. may not C. mustn't D. can't

1. I _____ to the cinema. I ______ there every Sunday.

A. go…go B. am going… go C. go… am going D. am going…am going 2. Look, they______ a good time, ____ they ?

A. have…do B. have…don't C. are having…are D. are having… aren't 3. ______ a sports meet last Sunday ? Yes, they ______.

A. Did they have… did B. Did they have… had C. Had they… had D. Had they… did 4. This time yesterday Jack _____ his, bike. He _____ TV.

A. repaired… didn't watch B. was repairing… watched C. repaired… watched D. was repairing… wasn't watching

新目标英语八年级下册宾语从句讲解(五)
新目标英语八年级下第8单元知识讲解

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?

Teaching Aims:

1To master the Present Perfect Tense. ○

2To master the phrases and the important points in this lesson. ○

phrases:

hear of, be like ,go out ,full of, finish doing sth., be about, grow up,put down, hurry up, arrive on this island, make a boat, bring back, give up, wait for, cut down, build a house, kill…for food ,the marks of another man’s feet, who else, see sb. doing sth., run towards, help sb. do sth., name sb.…,teach sb. sth., be interested in ,can’t wait to do sth., used to, fight over, return home ,on the radio, make sb. do sth., think about, come to realize ,ever since, the home of, such as, belong to, be kind to sb., trust one another, remind sb. that…,have been to, do research on ,hope to do sth. introduce …to

Sentences:

1Have you ever read Little Women yet? ○

2What’s it like? ○

3Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures. ○

4Steve, have you decided yet which book to write about for English class? ○

5Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life. ○

6How long have they been here? ○

7So I will not give up and I will wait for another ship. ○

8Not long after that, I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship. ○

9One of them died, but the other ran towards my house. ○

10I named him Friday because that was the day I met him.. ○

Difficult Points:

现在完成时

1用法 ○

1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

e.g. –Have you had your lunch yet?

–Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. (现在我不饿了。)

2. 表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在，而且可能还要继续下去。 e.g. I haven’t seen her these days.

I’ve known Bob for three years.

I’ve been at this school for over two years.

2时间状语 ○

already, yet, just, ever, never, before

3构成 ○

现在完成时是由―助动词have / has+ 动词的过去分词‖构成的，规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需逐个记忆。

动词的过去式的变化和过去分词的变化并不完全相同。我们对它们作了一个大致的分类。 (注：例子中单词的变化顺序为：动词原形 → 动词的过去式 → 动词的过去分词)

一、过去式和过去分词的变化相同

规则变化：

1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：pick → picked → picked; wish → wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed

2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如：like → liked → liked; hope → hoped → hoped; phone → phoned → phoned

3. 以―辅音字母 + y‖结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。如：study → studied → studied; hurry → hurried → hurried; reply → replied → replied

4. 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop → stopped → stopped; clap → clapped → clapped

不规则变化：

5. 以不变应万变。如：let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read

6. 若中间有双写e，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加t。如：feel → felt → felt; keep → kept → kept; sleep → slept → slept

7. 结尾的字母d变t。如：lend → lent → lent; build → built → built; send → sent → sent

8. 变为以-ought或-aught结尾。如：buy → bought → bought; bring → brought → brought; catch → caught → caught; teach → taught → taught

4句式 ○

1. 肯定句：主语 + have / has + 过去分词 (+ 其他)

2. 否定句：主语 + have / has + not + 过去

分词(+ 其他)

3. 一般疑问句：have/ has + 主语 + 过去分词(+ 其他)

4. 特殊疑问句：

1) 特殊疑问词 (不是句子主语) + have / has + 主语+过去分词 (+ 其他)

2) 特殊疑问词(是句子主语)+have / has+过去分词(+ 其他)

already和yet都可以作为现在完成时的标志词，但它们的用法不同。

◆already一般用于肯定句中。如：

We have already cleaned up our classroom.

注意：already用于疑问句中时通常表示惊奇。如：【新目标英语八年级下册宾语从句讲解】

Have you finished your homework already? I can’t believe it.

◆yet一般用于疑问句和否定句中。如：

Have you seen her yet?

The bus hasn’t come yet.

中考链接：

(2012年，河南，32) ---I’d like to introduce my best friend to you, Peter.

---Thank you, Lucy. But we______already.

A. meet B. met C. will meet D. have met

(2011年，河南，33)---Excuse me, where is Mr Brown’s office?

---Sorry, I don’t know. I_______here for only a few days.

A. work B. worked C. have worked D. will work

(2010年，河南，26)Joe, my close friend, moved to Beijing years ago, and I______him since then.

A. don’t see B. didn’t see C. haven’t seen D. won’t see

(2014年，天津，36)---_____you ever_____the new Minyuan Stadium?

---No, I haven’t.

A. Do, visit B. Have, visited C. Did, visit D. Are, visiting (2014年 江西，36)---Mr. Li will check our homework this afternoon.______you____it? ---Not yet. I’m doing it right now.

A. Do, finish B. Had, finished C. will, finish D. Have, finished

(2014年， 黑龙江哈尔滨，7)The 2014World Cup in Brazil makes the whole world crazy and

nobody will miss it. I ____all the matches so far.

A. watched B. have matched C. will watch

(2014年 广西南宁，34) David knows much about the city because he____there many times.

A. goes B. went C. has gone D. has been

(2013年，天津，33)---Is Tom at home?

--No, he____to town.

A. has been B. has gone C. goes D. will go

(2013年，河北，43)Don’t return the video to Peter. I_____it.

A. don’t watch B. won’t watch C. haven’t watched D. wasn’t watching (2012年，北京，32) I ______Mr. Smith since he moved to Shanghai.

A. didn’t hear from B. don’t hear from C. won’t hear from D. haven’t heard from (2011年，北京，31)My aunt is writer. She______more than ten book since 1980.

A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. will write

(2014年 河南鹤壁一模,30) Henry speaks Chinese very well. He_______in China since 2002.

A. come B. has come C. stayed D. has stayed

(2014年，河南郑州二模，26) Mary promised to meet me at the school gate, but she_____yet.

A. doesn’t arrive B. didn’t arrive C. hasn’t arrived D. hadn’t arrived Key Points:

1. liver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures. 《雾都孤儿》是一个男孩去海边发现一个充满珍宝的岛的故事。

full of 满是……的；(有)大量的

e.g. The area is full of beautiful lakes and rivers.

这个区域有大量美丽的湖泊和河流。

2. Have you at least read the back of the book to see what it’s about?

至少你已经读过书的背面，了解了它的大致内容吧？

此句中的动词see表示―(通过查看、打听等)弄清、了解；查看、发现(信息或事实)‖。作这种用法时，see常接how, what, when等引导的宾语从句。

e.g. He agreed to go with me to see what was wrong.

他同意跟我去了解一下毛病出在哪里。

First of all, we need to take some time to see how it works.

首先，我们需要花些时间了解一下它是如何运作的。

3. You should hurry up. 你需要加快速度。

hurry up 赶快；(急忙)做某事

e.g. Hurry up, or we cannot get to the railway station on time.

快些，否则我们不能按时赶到火车站了。

4. Steve: …The book report is due in two weeks. 读书报告两周后必须交。

Amy: Yes, I know… 是的，我知道…

due adj. 预定；预期；预计

后边引出预期的时间、地点等，还常常构成短语be due (to do something)或be due (for something)。

e.g. Our plane is due at Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport at 12:30.

我们的飞机预计于12：30降落在上海虹桥国际机场。

Rose is due to start school in January.

罗丝一月份就要开始上学了。

You are due for a medical examination next month.

你的身体检查预定在下个月。

I know表示说话人对所谈的观点、内容已了解，无需多说，相当于汉语中―我早知道了；我全都了解‖这样的意思，区别于许多日常交际场合中表示―我明白了；我知道了；我懂了‖的用法。

e.g. A: It’s already very late. You should get some rest.

已经很晚了，你应该休息了。

B: Well, I know. Thanks.

对，我是知道的。谢谢。

注意，当我们获知对方提供的信息后，常用I see. 表示―我知道了；我明白了；我懂了‖。 e.g. A: He lives in the countryside but works in the city during the week.

他住在乡下，但工作日在城里上班。

B: Oh, I see.

哦，我知道了。